Path Ch 4 HIV
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46 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 How is HIV spread | Sex Infected blood/blood products Mother to baby |
| Which cells are mainly affected in HIV | CD 4 T-helper cells |
| Which immunity does T-helper cells participate in | Cell mediated immunity & regulating immune response |
| How do you diagnose AIDS | HIV with CD4 depletion CD4 less than 200 |
| What is a normal CD 4 level | 550-1000 |
| Testing for HIV first test | ELISA-Test for circulating antibiodies |
| 2nd test for HIV | 2 positive ELISA do Western blot test Circulating antibodies |
| What does the AIDS virus infect | Cells of the immune system |
| Symptoms of AIDS related complex | Candidiasis Fatigue Weight loss Lymphadenopathy |
| When does the antibodies to HIV become detectable | 6 weeks after infection |
| Definiton of window of infectivity | Antibodies may not be detectable for 6 months-1 yr or longer |
| What test measures the amount of HIV circulating in serum | PCR Only test that doesn't measure circulating antibody |
| 2 ways to assess HIV infection | Measure viral load CD4 cell count |
| Pt management of HIV include | Antiretroviral meds Drugs to treat opportunistic infections |
| Oral lesions occur due to what | Deficiency in CMI (cell mediated immunity) & depletion of T helper cells |
| Oral manifestations of AIDS | Candidiasis Herpes Hairy Leukoplakia Kaposi Sarcoma Bilateral salivary gland enlargement |
| Treatment of Candidiasis in HIV pt | Topical/Systemic antifungal meds Recurrence is common |
| What does candidiasis signal | Beginning of progresively severe immunodeficiency |
| Herpes not resolved in 1 month means | Diagnosis of AIDS |
| Herpes Zoster signals | Developing immunodeficiency |
| What is hairy leukoplakia | Epstein barr virus |
| Where does hairy leukoplakia occur | Lateral borders of tongue |
| What can hairy leukoplakia also resemble | Chronic tongue chewing & hyperplastic candidiasis |
| What is the most reliable method of diagnosis of hairy leukoplakia | Epstein barr virus being present |
| Hairy leukoplakia is a predictor of what | Progression of HIV to AIDS |
| What must you rule out with hairy leukoplakia | HIV infection |
| HPV in HIV pt may be associated with what | Antiretroviral tx |
| What is Kaposi sarcoma | Opportunistic neoplasm |
| Where is Kaposi sarcoma usually located | Palate/Gingiva |
| How do you diagnose Kaposi sarcoma | Biopsy |
| Tx of Kaposi sarcoma | Surgical removal Radiation tx Chemo |
| What is lymphoma | Malignant tumor |
| How do we treat lymphoma | Chemo |
| What perio dz may a HIV pt have | Linear gingival erythema (red band around teeth) NUP-Necrotizing ulcerative perio |
| Characteristics of linear gingival erythema | Bleeding Punctate/petechiae on attached gingiva or alveolar mucosa Band like redness on gingiva that is non responsive to tx |
| T/F linear gingival erythema occurs independant of OH status | True |
| Charcteristics of NUP | Intense redness Extreme rapid bone loss |
| What is necrotizing stomatitis | Extensive focal areas of bone loss along with NUP |
| Tx of perio dz in HIV pt | SRP Soft tissue curettage Intrasulcular lavage Chlorhexidine Flagyl (systemic metronidazole) |
| What causes spontaneous gingival bleeding in HIV pt | Decrease in platelets |
| What causes a decrease in platelets in HIV pt | Autoimmune type of thrombocytopenic purpura |
| What needs to be considered before deep scaling of HIV pt with lower platelets | Platelet count and bleeding time |
| Charcteristics of aphthous ulcers in HIV pt | Increase in # of ulcers Resemble major apththous ulcers Lesions respond to steroids |
| What may salivary gland enlargement in HIV pt be related to | Meds or salivary gland disease |
| What is mucosal melanin pigmentation | Macular areas of melanin pigmentation Cause unclear |
| Definitive Diagnosis of AIDS | Candidiasis Hairy Leukoplakia Kaposi sarcoma Herpes simplex lesion lasting > 1 month Herpes zoster HPV Aphthous ulcers Salivary gland enlargement Mucosal pigmentation Oral lymphoma < 200 CD4 T cell count Esophageal candidiasis Invasice cervical cancer |
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