| Term | Definition |
| political efficacy | a citizens capacity to understand and influence political events |
| internal efficacy | ability to understand and take part in political affairs (personal competence) |
| external efficacy | ability to make the system respond to citizenry |
| The Political system | liberty (rights and freedoms); Equality (equal right to vote); Democracy (officials accountable); civic duty (help community when can); Individual responsibility |
| Political culture | how the political and economic life should be carried out (how the political process should operate) |
| Free-enterprise economic system | "equality of opportunity" not results, gov't can regulate some firms so don't get too powerful; higher wages if work harder- differences in wealth jusitified |
| Sweden- political | deferential- people let experts and specialists make decisions, value harmony, what is best over what is right |
| Sweden- economic | equality of results, workers should have equal pay, leaders come from blue-collar unions and liberal political party (Social Democrats) |
| American- economic | freedom more important than equality- gov't can't guarantee citizens basic standard of living |
| Japan- political | social harmony, respect hierarchy, group decisions, good relations with colleagues (personal needs not impersonal equal rights) |
| civic duty | one has an obligation to participate in civic and political affairs |
| civic competence | belief that one can affect government policies (do something about an unjust national law or local regulation) |
| Protestantism | no official religion, dominant, Protestant ethic (work ethic)- capitalism |
| orthodox | morality is as important as self-expression, moral rules derived from g-d (laws of nature) |
| progressive | personal freedom as important as traditional moral rules |
| ideology of secular humanism | belief that moral standards do not require religious justicification (accuse progressives) |
| political ideology | sets of views concerning policies government should pursue |