chapter 20 vocab
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22 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Truman Doctrine | President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology |
| SEATO | Southeast Treaty Organization: Includes USA, UK, France, Pakistan, Thailand, the Philippines, Australia, and New Zealand |
| Baghdad Pact | 1955 - A treaty supported by the West that united the defenses of Iraq, Turkey, Pakistan, and Iran, to counter the threat of the expansion of the Soviet Union. |
| Nuremberg Trials | Series of trials in 1945 conducted by an International Military Tribunal in which former Nazi leaders were charged with crimes against peace, crimes against humanity, and war crimes |
| Brinksmanship | The principle of not backing down in a crisis, even if it meant taking the country to the brink of war. Policy of both the U.S. and U.S.S.R. during the Cold War. |
| Warsaw Pact | treaty signed in 1945 that formed an alliance of the Eastern European countries behind the Iron Curtain; USSR, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Romania |
| Containment Doctrine | a foreign policy strategy advocated by George Kennan that called for the United States to isolate the Soviet Union, "contain" its advances, and resist its enroachments by peaceful means if possible, but by force if neccesary. |
| Nikita Khrushchev | Soviet statesman and premier who denounced stalin (1894-1971) |
| Sputnik | The world's first space satellite. This meant the Soviet Union had a missile powerful enough to reach the US. |
| McCarthyism | The term associated with Senator Joseph McCarthy who led the search for communists in America during the early 1950s through his leadership in the House Un-American Activities Committee. |
| de-stalinization | social process of neutralizing the influence of Joseph Stalin by revising his policies and removing monuments dedicated to him and renaming places named in his honor |
| ICBM | a ballistic missile that is capable of traveling from one continent to another |
| SLBM | Submarine launched ballistic missiles |
| arms race | Cold war competition between the U.S. and Soviet Union to build up their respective armed forces and weapons |
| Fulgencio Batista | He was a pro-American dictator of Cuba before Castro. His overthrow led to Castro and communists taking over Cuba, who was now friendly to the Soviets. |
| Berlin Blockade | The blockade was a Soviet attempt to starve out the allies in Berlin in order to gain supremacy. The blockade was a high point in the Cold War, and it led to the Berlin Airlift. |
| Fidel Castro | Cuban socialist leader who overthrew a dictator in 1959 and established a Marxist socialist state in Cuba (born in 1927) |
| Berlin Airlift | airlift in 1948 that supplied food and fuel to citizens of west Berlin when the Russians closed off land access to Berlin |
| Cuban Missile Crisis | an international crisis in October 1962, the closest approach to nuclear war at any time between the U.S. and the USSR. When the U.S. discovered Soviet nuclear missiles on Cuba, President John F. Kennedy demanded their removal and announced a naval blockade of the island; the Soviet leader Khrushchev acceded to the U.S. demands a week later. |
| COMECON | the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance; Soviet dominated group that provided resources to Soviet bloc countries; ends in 1991 |
| Bay of Pigs Invasion | in 1961, an attempt by Cuban exiles in southern Cuba to overthrow the Cuban socialist government of Fidel Castro; the effort was funded by the U.S. and was famously disastrous. |
| Chancellor Adenauer | The leader of West Germany. The leader of the CDU and founding leader of the Federal Republic. Because of him wages doubled and GP exceeded. Workers were imported. |
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