Chapter Three Era 1
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24 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Who was Olaudah Equiano: What did he have to say about his capture? | Scared, young, confused Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Gives us insight into the workings of slavery |
| Spanish goals between Indians/European relationship? | Spanish felt the need to directly control their indians, because they needed the Indians for work Encomienda: Gave the Spanish the right to take a certain amount of land, Indian's, and their goods. Spanish put them to work so that they could supply goods to trade and sell for the Spanish so that they'd become wealthy. Indians did not like the Spanish: slavery at it's best. Wanted direct control, basically exploiting them Wanted to convert indians to catholicism |
| Spanish religious strategy in order to maintain a good relationship with Indians | Spanish were Roman Catholic Spanish religious goals was to spread catholicism Sent out missionaries, wanted to convert people Franciscans: a religious order of brothers; front men of religion for Spanish: Wanted to convert Indians to Catholicism. Established lots of missions Indians became workers for religious orders |
| Indian response to Spanish efforts to control Indians when first colonizing? | Indians resented the Spanish Pueblo Revolt: 1680 Religious conflict and excessive Spanish demands for tribute sparked a rebellion of Indians against the Spanish. Pope gathered nearly 20,000 to go attack the spanish settlements. Spanish were trying to control all of these Indians, but were very much in the minority. So when they got angry, it got ugly. Spanish fled New Mexico. When the Spanish did come back, they treated the Indians much nicer and abolished encomienda |
| French goals for relationship between French/Indians | Fur- Beaver credit Hurons were affiliated with the French In return for beavers, the indians would get guns, blankets, liquor Caused fights between Indians as a fight for beavers--caused overhunting These wars are called the beaver wars: in order to get more fur they had to go onto other indian turfs and take their beavers Military Alliance: French supported Hurons because without them, they couldn't get the beaver furs The Indians had a good friendship/trading alliance with the French Good allies with each other Colonization not main focus |
| French religious strategy in order to maintain a good relationship with Indians | Jesuits (missionaries) who wanted to convert Native Americans to catholicism. Didn't want to lose direct control of trade with the Indians, so they decided to put economic pressure on the Indians to push conversion: they'd give guns/goods to those who converted. The jesuits were pretty strict, but they realized that if they continued to be strict, they wouldn't get anyone, so they settled with slight measures of conversion |
| Indian response to French efforts to control Indians when first colonizing | Tactics brought some success, but there was never this huge conversion The Jesuits decided that small changes would be better than no changes Beaver Wars: between the Hurons and the Iroquois over control of land and over beaver fur--french wanted beaver fur. Hurons trading with the French, and when they ran out of beaver, they went to the Iroquois land. Iroquois were also trading with the dutch and the English. Had Indians being the proxies for French and English/Dutch: Dutch wanted fur trading, so they allied themselves with native americans in New York Area. What happened was after the area became under english control the Iroquois under the English, so there was a succession |
| English goal for relationship between English/Indians | Set up colonies by taking over the Indian land; wanted land because English people were coming over to establish colonies This was a problem because the Indians were already there, not happy about English coming over. So english just decided to kill them Wanted seasonal areas to use year-round Indians held the land in common for everyone to live on, but the English idea about property was whole different: you come in, you establish land, it's yours, and now the Indians were trespassing on their land |
| English religious strategy to control Indians | Had protestant missionaries, but weren't as gun-ho about converting Had praying towns, in which Indians received instruction about the protestant religion Weren't as successful |
| Indian response to English efforts on maintaining a solid relationship/control over Indians | King Philip's War: Indians all shared land, while as English believed that each had their own piece of land. As more and more english moved into the New England areas, the Indians started getting violent because the English were taking their land, which sparked a war between the Native Americans and the English, and the English won. The english then packed up these natives and sold them as slaves into the West Indies. The English cut of King Phillip's head and showcased it Bacon's Rebellion: 1675-1676, located in Virginia, conflict between the English white planters and the Indians over territory, and Bacon was trying to lead a violent campaign over all Indians. He thought he deserved the land, dissatisfied with what the Indians and the Government were doing: burned Jamestown and governor Berkley fled. Bacon died. Shows us about the relationship between the Indians and the English at this time is not very good; much conflict is going on, and many are being killed. |
| Encomienda | A grant of land made by Spain to a settler in the Americas, including the right to use Native Americans as laborers on it |
| Repartimiento | This social device required adult Indian males to annually devote a certain number of days of work to Spanish economic enterprises. This service was often harsh and some Indians did not survive their work period. The men would usually work in mines or on the fields. |
| King Phillip's War 1675 | Conflict in New England between Wampanoags, Narragansetts, and other Indian peoples against English settlers; sparked by english trespassing on Indian land |
| Bacon's Rebellion 1675-1676 | In Virginia, conflict between the English white planters and the Indians over territory, and Bacon was trying to lead a violent campaign over all Indians. He thought he deserved the land, dissatisfied with what the Indians and the Government were doing: burned Jamestown and governor Berkley fled. The conflict soon turned into a rebellion of settlers against the colonial authorities. Bacon died. Shows us about the relationship between the Indians and the English at this time is not very good; much conflict is going on, and many are being killed. |
| The Pueblo Revolt 1680 | Religious conflict (Spanish decided to stamp out the Pueblo religion) and excessive Spanish demands for tribute sparked a rebellion of Indians against the Spanish. Pope, a freed religious leader, gathered nearly 20,000 to go attack the spanish settlements. Spanish were trying to control all of these Indians, but were very much in the minority. So when they got angry, it got ugly. Spanish fled New Mexico. When the Spanish did come back, they treated the Indians much nicer and abolished encomienda |
| Beaver Wars | between the Hurons and the Iroquois over control of land and over beaver fur--french wanted beaver fur. Hurons trading with the French, and when they ran out of beaver, they went to the Iroquois land. Iroquois were also trading with the dutch and the English. Had Indians being the proxies for French and English/Dutch: Dutch wanted fur trading, so they allied themselves with native americans in New York Area. What happened was after the area became under english control the Iroquois under the English, so there was a succession |
| Indentured Servant | Laborer who agreed to work without pay for a certain period of time in exchange for passage to America |
| Anthony Johnson | a black gentltman who bought his way out of slavery, bought land in Virginia and then sold it due to strict slavery laws and fear of loss of rights and property, then moved to Mayland - Shows that slavery had an economic aspect? |
| Slave Code | a set of laws that formally regulated slavery and defined the relationship between enslaved Africans and free people |
| Middle Passage | The route in between the western ports of Africa to the Caribbean and southern U.S. that carried the slave trade |
| Stono Rebellion 1739 | South Carolina, slaves against whites; inspired in part by Spanish officials' promise of freedom for American slaves who escaped to Florida |
| Redemptioner | Promised to pay the costs of passage on arrival in America; sold in to slavery if could not pay their debt... length of service depended on how much they still owed |
| Tenant Farmer | Farmer who works land owned by another and pays rent either in cash or crops |
| push pull immigration theory | people want to move from really densely populated areas to less densely populated areas (High concentration to low concentration) |
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