History of Psychology Vocab
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Created by:
heybr1tney on January 19, 2009
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23 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Functionalism | based on the belief that psychology should investigate the function or purpose of consciousness, rather than its structure |
| Empiricism | the twofold view that (a) knowledge comes from the senses and (b) observations and experimentation are the basis of science |
| Ethnocentrism | the tendency to view one's own group as superior to others as the standard for judging the worth of foreign ways |
| Gestalt Psychology | based on the belief that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts |
| Humanism | a theoretical orientation that emphasizes the unique qualities of humans, especially their freedom and their potential for personal growth |
| SQ3R | a study system designed to promote effective reading, which includes five steps: survey, question, read, recite and review |
| Unconscious | contains thoughts, memories, and desires that are well below the surface of conscious awareness but that nonetheless exert great influence on behavior |
| Structuralist | based on the notion that the task of psychology is to analyze consciousness into its basic elements and investigate how these elements are related |
| Applied Psychology | the branch of psychology concerned with everyday, practical problems |
| Nature-Nurture Issue | the controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors |
| Theory | a system of interrelated ideas |
| Behavior | refers to any overt response or activity by an organism |
| Clinical Psychology | a branch of psychology concerned with they study, assessment, and treatment of people with psychological disorders |
| Culture | the widely shared custom, beliefs, values, norms, institutions, and other products of a community that are transmitted socially across generations |
| Behaviorism | a theoretical orientation based on the premise that scientific psychology should study only observable behavior |
| Dualism | the idea that the mind and the body are fundamentally distinct entities |
| Phi Phenomenon | the illusion of movement created by presenting visual stimuli in rapid succession |
| Psychology | the science that studies behavior and the physiological and cognitive processes that underlie it, and it is the profession that applies the accumulated knowledge of the science to practical problems |
| Introspection | the careful, systematic self-observation of one's own conscious experience |
| Stimulus | any detectable input from the environment |
| Psychoanalytical | attempts to explain personality, motivations, and mental disorders by focusing on unconscious determinates of behavior |
| Psychiatry | the branch of medicine concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of psychological problems and disorders |
| Cognition | the mental processes involved in acquiring knowledge |
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