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 Continent | one of the seven large landmasses on the earth |
| Rotation | spinning of Earth on its imaginary axis, which takes about 24 hours to complete and causes day and night to occur |
| Axis | an imaginary line that passes through Earth's center and its North and South Poles |
| North Pole | The northernmost point of the Northern Hemisphere (90o N latitude). |
| South Pole | The southernmost point of the Earth, located at 90 degrees S. Latitude. |
| Standard Time Zone | a region in which the same time is used |
| International Date Line | imaginary line that runs north and south through the Pacific Ocean that begins each day |
| Grid | a network of horizontal and vertical lines that provide coordinates for locating points on an image |
| Latitude | distance north or south of the Equator, measured in degrees |
| Equator | a line that circles a globe half way between the north pole and south pole measures at 0 degrees |
| Parallel | a line of latitude |
| Degree | Unit for measuring angles in a circle or sphere |
| Longitude | Distance east or west of the prime meridian, measured in degrees |
| Meridian | Line of longitude |
| Prime meridian | Line of o degrees longitude |
| Hemisphere | Half of the earth |