1.
Absorption: transport of dissolved substances into cells to serve as energy or building blocks
2.
After a certain amount of growth what must occur?: Cell division, DNA can only control so much so cell division will occur after a limited amount of growth.
3.
Are cells responsible for the functions of all living things?: Yes, Cells perform the processes of life.
4.
Besides tissues what else do multicellular organisms have?: They have organs
5.
Can tissues exist by themselves?: No, they depend on other tissues to supply them. ex muscle tissue depends on blood tissues to bring glucose etc.
6.
digestion: enzymatic breakdown of substances to obtain energy or building blocks
7.
Do all cells perform all of the functions?: No, cells are specialized in multicellluar organisms
8.
Does the size of the organism indicate the size of the cells?: No, the size determines the number of the cells. Elephant and Mice cells same size but elephants have more cells.
9.
egestion: elimination of NONSOLUABLE waste from the cell
10.
Excretion: removal of SOLUABLE waste from the cell
11.
homeostasis: ability to maintain a steady state in the cell
12.
How do cells hold together?: Cell junctions which are chemical interactions between the proteins in cell membranes of the adjacent cells.
13.
In cells biosynthesis of materials results in what?: growth and maintenance of the cell
14.
Irritability: ability to respond to external factors that affect the operations of the cell.
15.
Is all of an organism made of cells?: No. The parts of the organism not made of cells are composed of materials manufactured by cells. For example Chitin covers outside of insects body. It is not a cell but a carbohydrate made by the cell.
16.
JE Purkinje: used the word PROTOPLASM to name all the materials within the cell
17.
Most multicelluar organisms are made up of what?: Tissues
18.
movement: movement of the cell itself (locomotion) or movement of substances and structures inside the cell (internal movement)
19.
Organization of Multicelluar organisms: cells - tissues - organs - sytems
20.
Organs are grouped into what?: Systems eg nervous system, digestive system
21.
Protoplasm: All living substances within a cell.
22.
reproduction: formation of new cells.
23.
respiration: breakdown of food (usually glucose) with the release of energy
24.
Robert Brown: Discovered the NUCLEUS
25.
Robert Hooke: First to see what he thought to be "cells".
26.
secretion: synthesis and release of substances from the cell
27.
synthesis: integration of organic compounds from smaller units obtained from digestion and absorption. results in cell growth, secretion, or replacing worn out parts
28.
True or False. In order to be alive, collectively all the cells must accomplish all the functions.: True. Each cell must be performing its specialized function but all functions must be working. Each cell must do its job in its specialized area.
29.
What are organs?: Organs are tissues grouped together to perfrom a specific function for the organism.
30.
What are systems?: groups of organs that work together to accomplish one life functions. digestive system - stomach - intestine - colon all together to accomplish Nutrition.
31.
What are the 3 basic principles of the Cell Theory?: 1. Cells are the units that make up all living things
2. Cells are the units that carry on all functions of all living things.
3. Cells have to come from preexisting cells.
32.
What are the 4 processes of life cells perform?: Nutrition
Internal Functions
Releasing Materials
Continuing Existence
33.
What are the results of cellular division: 1. new organisms if unicellular
2. more cells in the same organism
3. sex cells - egg or sperm
34.
What are the specific functions cells perform for Continuing Existence?: homeostasis
reproduction
35.
What are the specific functions cells perform for Internal Functions?: Synthesis
Respiration
Movement
Irritability
36.
What are the specific functions cells perform for Releasing Materials?: Excretion
Engestion
Secretion
37.
What are the specific functions cells preform for Nutrition?: Absorption and Digestion
38.
What are the three major categories of cell junctions?: Tight, anchoring, and gap junctions
39.
What are tissues?: Similar cells that are grouped together and perform similar functions.
40.
What governs the maximum size a cell can attain?: 1 - DNA governs the size
2 - The ratio btw the surface area of the cell and its volume. At a certain size the cell will need more nutients that can pass through the membrane.
41.
What is a colonial organism?: a collection of similar cells living together. Each cell could alone carry on the processes of a cell in the colonial organism. (except reproduction cells)
42.
What is a multicellular organism?: a organism that consists of many cells
43.
What is a one cell organism: Unicellular
44.
What is it called when some cells perform one function and another cell performs a different function?: Cellular division of labor
45.
What three things happen when cells reach a certain size?: 1. slowdown synthesis of materials
2. secrete certain synthesized materials
3. divide
46.
What was the beginning of the cell theory?: Matthias SchLeiden discovered all pLants are composed of cells
Theodore SchwAnn discovered all Animals are composed of cells.
thus beginning the Cell Theory
47.
Why did he call them cells?: The first thing he looked at was a thin slice of cork. He saw neat rows of little boxes and they looked like cells in a monastery so he named what he was looking at "cells".
