| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Anabolic Steroids | A steroid that makes muscles big but creates many other problems |
| Steroid | Substance made form cholesterol; one 5 sided ring, three 6 sided rings |
| RNA | Ribonucleic acid |
| Purine | A compound with one 6 sided and one 5 sided ring connected to make a base of 2 nucleic acids |
| Starch | A polysaccharide found in plants |
| Denature | Change in protein conformation caused by temperature, P+P, salinity, or solvents |
| Carbohydrate | Made of mono, di, or polysaccharides with glycogen bonds |
| Lipid | Made of C,H,O with esterlinkage bonds |
| Glucose | A simple sugar C6H12O6 |
| Glycogen | Simple sugars are stored as _________ in animals |
| Peptidoglycen | A polysaccharide found in the cell walls of bacteria |
| Cholesterol | A carbon molecule found in membranes used to form steroids |
| Primary Structure | A chain of amino acids |
| Phospholipid | A lipid with a polar head and a non-polar tail |
| Amino Acid | Monomers of proteins |
| Nucleotide | Monomer of Nucleic acid |
| Chaperonins | protein compound |
| Pyramidine | A 6 sided base and 2 nucleic acid |
| Fat Soluble Vitamins | Vitamins A,D,E,K |
| Chitin | A polysaccharide found in antropod exoskeletons and cell walls of fungi |
| Sucrose | Glucose + Fructose = _______ |
| Cellulose | An Inner carbon hydrate found in the cell walls of plant |
| Glycocidic Bond | The Bond found in carbohydrates |
| Protein Conformation | The structure of a protein |
| Polymer | Macromolecule made of monomers |
| Phosphate Group | Has 1 phosphate and 4 oxygen found in nucleotides |
| Pleated Sheet | Hydrogen bonds between C=O and N-H regions of different amino acids make the chain fold like a sheet |
| Isomer | Molecules with the same chemical formula but different structure |
| Fatty Acid | A lipid either saturated or unsaturated |
| Glycerol | Triglyceride with 2 saturated fats and one unsaturated fat |
| Secondary Structure | Hydrogen Bond between C=O and N-H regions of different amino acids either alpha helix or beta sheet |
| Glucagon | Pancreas releases this when blood sugar is low |
| Tertiary Structure | Contortion of the helix or pleated sheet into a complez 3D shape due to interaction of R groups |
| Hydrolysis | When polymer is broken apart into monomers by the addition of water |
| Peptide Bond | Bond found in protein |
| Monomer | Small Sub-Units that join to form polymers |
| Esterlinkage | The type of bond found in lipids |
| Saturated | To have the max of H attached to each carbon |
| Helix | A curled up chain found in a secondary structure of a nucleic acid |
| Disulfide Bridge | Bond between two sulfurs and the side group Cystine |
| Ecosanoids | Hormones derived from Omega 3 and Omega 6 with 6 polyunsaturated fatty acids |
| Unsaturated | Has at least 1 double bond and is not completely saturated with H |
| Dehydration Synthesis | Monomers are attached to form dimers of polymers |
| ATP | Energy for cell respiration |
| Nucleic Acid | DNA or RNA made of nucleotides |
| Triglyceride | 2 saturated and 1 unsaturated fatty acids, glycerol goes through the process of esterlinkage |
| Pleated Sheet | Hydrogen bonds between C=O and N-H regions of different amino acids make the chain fold like a sheet |
| Phosphate Group | Has 1 phosphate and 4 oxygen; found in nucleotides |
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