Biology
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55 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Atom | Smallest particle of an element that retains all properites |
| Organic Compounds | Contain carbon and are versitle. |
| Organic Compounds | Can share electrons and can bond well. |
| Carbon | Can form circular bonds |
| Alcohol | Is a compound |
| Cellulose | Makes up the cell wall in plants |
| Amino Acids | Join together to create proteins |
| Ribosomes | Hook together amino acids to form proteins |
| Peptide Bond | When 2 amino acids bond together |
| Collagen | A protein that forms bones, tendons, ligaments and cartilage. |
| Endergonic Reaction | Reactions that involve a net absorption of free energy |
| Catalyst | A chemical that reduces the amount of activation energy needed for a reaction but is not a reaction. |
| Activation Energy | The amount of energy required for a chemical reaction to start and continue on its own |
| Proton | A subatomic particle with a positive charge. |
| Nucleus | The central core of an atom and consist of 2 kinds of particles. |
| Neutron | A subatomic particle with no electrical charge. |
| Molecule | A chemical structure composed of one or more atoms. |
| Matter | Anything that occupies space and has mass. |
| Mass | A fundamental property of an object generally regarded as equivalent to the amount of matter in the object. |
| Ionic Bond | A bond formed by electrical attration between 2 oppositely charged ions. |
| Ion | An atom or compound with a net electrical charge. |
| Energy Level | Can hold only a certain number of electrons. |
| Element | A substance that ordinarily cannot be broken down chemically to form simpler kinds of matter. |
| Electron | A particle with a negative electric charge that orbits the nucleus of an atom. |
| Covalent Bond | A bond that forms when 2 atoms share one or more pairs of electrons. |
| Compound | A pure substance that is made up of atoms of 2 or more elements. |
| Chemical Reaction | The process of breaking chemical bonds, forming new bonds or both. |
| Bond | Attachments |
| Atomic Number | The number of protons in an atom. |
| Atom | The simplest particle of an element that retains all the properties of that element. |
| Transmission Electron Microscope | Transmits a beam of electrons through a very thinly sliced specimen. |
| Stage | The slide holding the specimen sits. |
| Organelle | One of several types of bodies with a specialized function that is suspended in the cytoplasm and found in eukaryotic cells |
| Nucleus | In an atom, the core of protons and neutrons; in a eukaryotic cell, the organelle that contains most of the DNA and directs most of the cell's activities. |
| Eukaryote | A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. |
| Cell Theory | That all living things are made up of cells, that cells are the basic units of organisms, and that cells come only from existing cells. |
| Cell Membrane | The lipid bilayer that forms the outer boundary of a cell. |
| Cell | A membrane-bound structure that is the basic unit of life. |
| Triglyceride | A lipid made of three fatty acid molecules and one glycerol molecule. |
| Substrate | A part, substance, or element that lies beneath and supports another; the reactant in any enzyme-catalyzed reaction. |
| Steroid | A lipid in which the molecule is composed of four carbon rings. |
| Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) | A nucleic acid composed of a single strand and is distinguished from DNA by containing ribose and uracil. |
| Protein | An organic compound composed of one or more chains of polypeptides which in turn are formed from amino acids. |
| Polysaccharide | A complex carbohydrate composed of 3 or more monosaccharides. |
| Polypeptide | A long chain of several amino acids. |
| Nucleic Acid | An organic molecule, DNA or RNA, that stores and carries important information for cell function. |
| Phospholipid | A complex lipid having 2 fatty acids joined by a molecule of glycerol. |
| Peptide Bond | A covalent bond between 2 amino acids. |
| Nucleotide | A monomer of DNA and RNA consisting of a nitrogen base, a sugar, and a phosphate group. |
| Monosaccharide | A simple sugar such as fructose or glucose. |
| Lipid | A kind of organic compound that is unsoluble in water, such as, fats and steroids. |
| Isomer | One of 2 or more compounds that differ instructure but not in molecular composition. |
| Hydrophobic | Referring to the molecular repulsion of water. |
| Hydrophilic | Referring to the molecular attraction of water. |
| Fatty Acid | A monomer that is part of most lipids. |
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