Chapter 24 Key Terms and Roots
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Created by:
EricaSeifert on January 23, 2009
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33 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 adaptive radiation | The emergence of numerous species from a common ancestor introduced into an environment, presenting a diversity of new opportunities and problems. |
| allometric growth | The variation in the relative rates of growth of various parts of the body, which helps shape the organism. |
| allopatric speciation | A mode of speciation induced when the ancestral population becomes segregated by a geographic barrier. |
| allopolyploid | A common type of polyploid species resulting from two different species interbreeding and combining their chromosomes. |
| anagenesis | A pattern of evolutionary change involving the transformation of an entire population, sometimes to a state different enough from the ancestral population to justify renaming it as a separate species; also called phyletic evolution. |
| autopolyploid | A type of polyploid species resulting from one species doubling its chromosome number to become tetraploid, which may self-fertilize or mate with other tetraploids. |
| biological species concept | The definition of a species as a population or group of populations whose members have the potential in nature to interbreed and produce fertile offspring; a biological species is also called a sexual species. |
| cladogenesis | A pattern of evolutionary change that produces biological diversity by budding one or more new species from a parent species that continues to exist; also called branching evolution. |
| ecological species concept | The idea that ecological roles (niches) define species. |
| heterochrony | Evolutionary change in the timing or rate of development. |
| macroevolution | Evolutionary change on a grand scale, encompassing the origin of new taxonomic groups, evolutionary trends, adaptive radiation, and mass extinction. |
| morphological species concept | The idea that species are defined by measurable anatomical criteria. |
| paedomorphosis | The retention in an adult organism of the juvenile features of its evolutionary ancestors. |
| pluralistic species concept | The idea that there is no universal explanation for the cohesion of individuals that make up species. |
| polyploidy | A chromosomal alteration in which the organism possesses more than two complete chromosome sets. |
| postzygotic barrier | Any of several species-isolating mechanisms that prevent hybrids produced by two different species from developing into viable, fertile adults. |
| punctuated equilibrium | A theory of evolution advocating spurts of relatively rapid change followed by long periods of stasis. |
| speciation | The origin of new species in evolution. |
| species selection | A theory maintaining that species living the longest and generating the greatest number of species determine the direction of major evolutionary trends. |
| sympatric speciation | A mode of speciation occurring as a result of a radical change in the genome of a subpopulation, reproductively isolating the subpopulation from the parent population. |
| allo- | other |
| -metron | measure |
| ana- | up |
| -genesis | origin, birth |
| auto- | self |
| poly- | many |
| clado- | branch |
| hetero- | different |
| macro- | large |
| paedo- | child |
| post- | after |
| sym- | together |
| -patri | father |
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