| Term | Definition |
|---|
| 0.7 to 3.3 MHz | what is considered therapeutic ultrasound frequency |
| 2 to 5 cm | what is the maximum energy absorption in soft tissue |
| Decreases | intensity does what as the waves penetrate deeper |
| Transducer | what is another name for the sound head |
| Transducer | where are the pizoelectric crystal found |
| Effective Radiation Area (ERA) | what is it called where the area of the transducer is radiating energy |
| ERA | what is always smaller than the area of the transducer |
| W (Watts) | how is power measured |
| Power | what is the name for the amount of acoustic energy per unit time |
| W/cm2 | how is intensity measured |
| Intensity | what is the power/unit area of the sound head |
| 3.0 W/cm2 | what is the limit of ultrasound intensity |
| Frequency | what is the number of compression-rarefaction cycles per unit of time |
| Decreased penetration | what do you get when you increase frequency |
| Hz | the cycles per second are measured how |
| Spatial Average Intensity | what is average intensity over the area of the transducer |
| Not uniform | is the intensity uniform over the entire transducer |
| Spatial Peak Intensity | what is peak intensity over the area of the transducer |
| Center of the beam | where does the spatial peak intensity usually occur |
| BNR | what is another name for Beam Nonuniformity Ratio |
| Standing wave | what is called when the reflected wave and original wave are superimposed on one another |
| When the sound head is not moving | where does the standing wave occur |
| Near field/Far field | what is it called when ultrasound beam converges then diverges |
| 2-5 cm | what is the attenuation of most tissues for near field with most transducers |
| Half depth | what is it called when depth where ultrasound intensity is 1/2 its initial intensity |
| Phonophoresis | what is the use of a topical drug in conjunction with US called |
| Continuous ultrasound | what is the continuous delivery of ultrasound called |
| Thermal effects | what is continuous ultrasound responsible for |
| Heat | what does mechanical energy of ultrasound get converted into |
| High collagen content | where is the highest amount of absorption taken place at |
| Bone, ligament, tendon | where are high collagen content found |
| Reflection | what is it called when the ultrasound beam is redirected away from the interface surface at an opposite angle |
| Soft tissue-bone interface | where does most reflection take place |
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