Chapter 9 (Political Parties) Vocabulary
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Created by:
lluu on January 23, 2009
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AP U.S. Government and Politics
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23 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 political party | a group that seeks to elect candidates to public office |
| mugwumps or progressives | Republican Party faction of the 1890s to the 1910s, composed of reformers who opposed patronage |
| critical and realignment period | periods when a major, lasting shift occurs in the popular coalition supporting one or both parties |
| split ticket | voting for candidates of different parties for various offices in the same election |
| straight ticket | voting for candidates who are all of the same party |
| office-bloc ballot | a ballot listing all candidates of a given office under the name of that party; also called a "Massachusetts" ballot |
| party-column ballot | a ballot listing all candidates of a given party together under the name of that party; also called an "Indiana" ballot |
| national convention | a meeting of party delegates held every four years |
| national committee | delegates who run party affairs between national conventions |
| congressional campaign committee | a party committee in Congress that provides funds to members and would-be members |
| national chairman | day-to-day party manager elected by the national committee |
| superdelegates | party leaders and elected officials who become delegates to the national convention without having to run in primaries or caucuses |
| political machine | a party organization that recruits members by dispensing patronage |
| ideological party | a party that values principled stands on issues above all else. They are parties that profess a comprehensive view of American society and government that is radically different from that of the established parties. Most have been Marxist in outlook, but some are quite the opposite, such as the Liberian party |
| solidary incentives | the social rewards (sense of pleasure, status, or companionship) that lead people to join political organizations |
| sponsored party | a local or state political party that is largely supported by another organization in the community |
| personal following | the political support provided to a candidate on the basis of personal popularity and networks |
| two-party system | an electoral system with two dominant parties that compete in national elections |
| plurality system | an electoral system in which the winner is the person who gets the most votes, even if he or she does not receive a majority; used in almost all American elections |
| caucus | a meeting of party members to select delegates backing one or another primary candidate |
| one-issue parties | parties seeking a single policy, usually revealed by their names, and avoiding other issues |
| economic-protest parties | parties, usually based in a particular region, especially involving farmers, that protest against depressed economic conditions. These tend to disappear as conditions improve |
| factional parties | parties that are created by a split in a major party, usually over the identity and philosophy of the major party's presidential candidate |
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