| ideological interest groups | political organizations that attract members by appealing to their political convictions or principles |
| public-interest lobby | a political organization whose goals will principally benefit nonmembers |
| social movement | a widely shared demand for change in some aspect of the social or political order |
| political cue | a signal telling a legislator what values are at stake in a vote, and how that issue fits into his or her own political views on party agenda |
| ratings | assessments of a representative's voting record on issues important to an interest group |