Mapping Test
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29 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Topographic map | shows changes in the elevation of the earth's surface shows natural and cultural features |
| elevation | distance of a location above sea level. sea level is the zero level line |
| contour line | represents a single equal elevation |
| contour interval | the difference in value between one contour line and the next |
| index contour | every fifth contour line thicker, darker and labeled with elevation in rounded #'s |
| maps | scaled down so they fit on the available paper or screen |
| graphic method | also called bar scale measure distance on the map and use bar scale like a ruler to dermine distance |
| verbal scale | measure distance on the map then calculate distance based on given scale |
| fractional method | measure inches a ratio of the distance on the map to the actual distance on the ground |
| latitude and longitude | make an imaginary grid system on earth to help find exact locations. exact location of a point on earth. |
| latitude lines | drawn east to west, but are used to measure north or south |
| equator | line of latitude and separates the Earth into northern and southern hemispheres. also called parallels because the never intersect |
| longitude | drawn north to south, but are used to measure east and west |
| prime meridian | line of longitude and separates the earth into eastern and western hemispheres. also called meridians |
| U.S. geologic survey (USGS) | -making maps of the us since 1879 -main feature is the use of contour lines to show the shape and elevation of the land -extremely useful to professional and recreational map users |
| USGS topographic map | -each map contains an area of 7.5 minutes of latitude and 7.5 min of longitude -latitude and longitude is listed at corners -name of quadrangle is located on upper right corner -the names of the adjacent quads are listed in the margins of the map -ratio scale of 1:24000 -this scale converts to 1 inch of the map equals 2000 feet on the ground -contour interval is listed under scale |
| map symbols | -roadway classification symbols are listed in the lower right margin of the map -other map symbols are shown in USGS __________ pamphlet |
| benchmark | -marked with "__" and an elevation value on the map -a point that has been accurately measured for its position and elevation -a permanent marker is located on earth as a reference point |
| map projections | used to show all or part of earth on a flat surface |
| cartographer | decides which projection meets the needs of the map |
| A flat paper map will show one or more of the following- but NEVER all of the following: | -true distance -true directions -true area -true shapes |
| 3 types of map projections | -mercator -robinson -conic |
| cartography | map making |
| international date line | located at 180 degrees longitude and the calender day changes at this longitude -if you travel west across the line you advance your calender by one day |
| each degree of latitude has a distance of about | 111 km or 69 miles |
| how wide are each of the 24 time zones | each is approx. 15 degrees wide |
| GMT | greenwhich mean time |
| UTC | coordinated universal time |
| zulu time | known as UT, universal time, or UTC |
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