5 Written Questions

1. Biological molecule consisting of simple single-monomer sugars (monosaccharides), two-monomer sugars (disacchsride) and other multi-unit sugars (polysaccharides)
2. Alternating chain of sugar and phosphate attached to nitrogenous bases
3. Smallest kind of sugar molecule; single sugar unit
4. A large molecule consisting of many identical or similar molecular units (monomers) covalently joined together in a chain
5. A large polysaccharide composed of many glucose monomers linked into cable-like fibrils that provide structural support in plant cell walls

5 Matching Questions

1. Isomers
2. Nitrogenous base
3. Peptide bond
4. Polysaccharides
5. Monomer

1. a Organic compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures and thus different properties
2. b A molecule that contains nitrogen and has the chemical properties of a base
3. c Covalent linkage between two amino acid molecules in a polypeptide; formed by dehydration reaction
4. d Carbohydrate polymer consisting of hundreds to thousands of monosaccharides linked by covalent bonds
5. e A chemical subunit that serves as a building block of a polymer

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. Protein that serves as a biological catalyst, changing the rate of a chemical reaction without being changed itself in the process
   1. DNA
   2. Enzyme
   3. Polymer
   4. Monomer
2. Very large molecule in a living organism: protein, polysaccharide, lipid, nucleic acid
   1. Macromolecules
   2. Monomer
   3. Cellulose
   4. Isomers
3. Native form of DNA; two polynucleotide chains held together with hydrogen bonds and wound into a spiral shape
   1. Nucleotide
   2. Polymer
   3. Double helix
   4. Hydrophilic
4. Organic monomer consisting of a five-carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group; building blocks of nucleic acids
   1. Nucleotide
   2. Steroids
   3. Polypeptide
   4. Nucleic acids
5. Pertaining to fats and fatty acids whose hydrocarbon chains contain the maximum number of hydrogens and therefore have no double covalent bonds. Saturates fats and fatty acids solidify at room temperature
   1. Starch
   2. Steroids
   3. Unsaturated
   4. Saturated

5 True/False Questions

1. Hydrolysis → Chemical process in which macromolecules are broken down by the chemical addition of water molecules to the bonds linking their monomers; an essential part of digestion

   True        False

2. Organic compounds → Study of organic compounds

   True        False

3. Polypeptide → Organic monomer consisting of a five-carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group; building blocks of nucleic acids

   True        False

4. DNA → Double-stranded helical macromolecule consisting of nucleotide monomers with the sugar deoxyribose and nitrogen bases A,T,G,C

   True        False

5. Triglyceride → A fat that consists of a molecule of glycerol linked to three fatty acid molecules

   True        False