| Term | Definition |
|---|
| mitosis | division of the cell's nucleus |
| cell cycle | the life cycle of the cell including cell growth in interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis |
| chromosome | two sister chromatids; condensed DNA that is tightly coiled around proteins |
| chromatid | one of the two strands of a chromosome that become visible during mitosis |
| interphase | the first stage of the cell cycle where the cell carries out its usual functions; DNA is replicated and all the organelles are duplicated |
| cytokinesis | the division of the cytoplasm |
| centromere | the central point on a chromosome where the sister chromatids are attached |
| centriole | small T-shaped organelles that move to opposite poles during prophase |
| somatic cells | body cells |
| prophase | 1st phase of mitosis where chromosomes become visible, the nuclear envelope dissolves, and centrioles move to opposite poles |
| metaphase | 2nd phase of mitosis where sister chromatids line up along the metaphase plate |
| anaphase | 3rd phase of mitosis where centromeres divide and chromosomes move toward opposite poles |
| telophase | Final phase of mitosis where nuclear envelope reforms, chromosomes uncoil, and cleavage furrow forms to begin cytokinesis |
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