Plant parts- the root
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15 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 root cap | at the tip of the root, provides protection as the root forces its way through soil particles |
| apical meristem | composed of undifferentiated cells that give rise to new cells through mitosis |
| zone of elongation | the zone where cells from the apical meristem increase in size |
| zone of differentiation | where cells that were once part of the sone of elongation start to become specialized cells of the epidermis, cortex, and vascular cylinder |
| epidermis | protects plant against invading micoorganisms and evironmental stresses |
| root hairs | helps increase water flow and surface area, an outgrowth of a single epidermal cell |
| cortex | the region inside the epidermis |
| cortex parenchyma cells | thin walled cells that make up the cortex and take up mineral ions after they hae passed through the epidermis |
| air spaces | exist between the parenchyma cells; they facilitate the free exchange of ions, fluids, and gases |
| vascular cylinder | a complex group of tissues that occupy the central core of the root |
| endodermis | the outermost tissue of the vascular tissue, single cell layer that completely encloses the rest of the vascular tissue and filled with a waxy material that regulates the flow of water and minerals from the cortex to the inner tissues of the vascular cylinder |
| casparian strip | a collar formed from the waxy material in the endodermis |
| pericycle | a layer of parenchyma cells that undergo cell division to produce lateral roots, also respoinsible for the secondary growth of roots |
| xylem | the tissue that extends from the roots throught the stem of the plant to its leaves and transports minerals and dissolved minerals from the soil to parts of the plant |
| phloem | transports nutrients produced during photosynthesis in the leaves to other parts of the plant |
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