Landmark US Supreme Court Cases
About this set
Created by:
lildeacon_080 on September 27, 2011
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
18 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Marbury v. Madison | The 1803 case in which Chief Justice John Marshall and his associates first asserted the right of the Supreme Court to determine the meaning of the U.S. Constitution. The decision established the Court's power of judicial review over acts of Congress, (the Judiciary Act of 1789). |
| Mculloch v. Maryland | 1819, state tax on the Second Bank of the US was unconstitutional, and a national bank is implied by the 'necessary and proper' clause of the Constitution. Federal law/state law |
| Gibbons v. Ogden | This case involved New York trying to grant a monopoly on waterborne trade between New York and New Jersey. Judge Marshal, of the Supreme Court, sternly reminded the state of New York that the Constitution gives Congress alone the control of interstate commerce. Marshal's decision, in 1824, was a major blow on states' rights. |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | an 1896 Supreme Court decision which legalized state ordered segregation so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal. |
| Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka | 1954 supreme court ruling reversing the policy of segregation, declaring that seperate can never be equal and a year later ordered the integration of all public schools with all deliberate speed society became less racist |
| The Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc v. U.S. | 1964 Supreme Courts upheld the Civil Rights Act. Prohibits racial discrimination in terms of service and employment. |
| Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education | In this 1971 Supreme Court Decision, the court ruled that, even though the schools in the district worked out to be only minimally integrated because of the full black or white neighborhood, the schools had to be intergraded based on the percentage of blacks in the whole district, meaning that blacks had to be bussed over great distances to integrate schools that naturally sat in all white neighborhoods. This cause a great push-back from middle America, who saw the end of the neighborhood school |
| Korematsu v. U.S. | 1944 Supreme Court case where the Supreme Court upheld the order providing for the relocation of Japanese Americans. It was not until 1988 that Congress formally apologized and agreed to pay $20,000 2 each survivor |
| Mapp v. Ohio | The 1961 Supreme Court decision ruling that the Fourth Amendment's protection against unreasonable searches and seizures must be extended to the states as well as to the federal government. |
| Gideon v. Wainwright | The 1963 Supreme Court decision holding that anyone accused of a felony where imprisonment may be imposed, however poor he or she might be, has a right to a lawyer. |
| Miranda v. Arizona | 1966 Supreme Court decision that sets guidelines for police questioning of accused persons to protect them against self-incrimination and to protect their right to counsel. |
| Texas v. Johnson | A 1989 case in which the Supreme Court struck down a law banning the burning of the American flag on the grounds that such action was symbolic speech protected by the First Amendment. |
| Tinker v. Des Moines School District | 1969 - The First Amendment, as applied through the Fourteenth, did not permit a public school to punish a student for wearing a black armband as an anti-war protest, absent any evidence that the rule was necessary to avoid substantial interference with school discipline or the rights of others. |
| New Jersey v. T.L.O. | (1985) Supreme court case in which it was decided that a student may be searched if there is "reasonable ground" for doing so. |
| Furman v. Georgia | This 1972 Supreme Court case struck down all state laws allowing the death penalty stating that they allowed for too much discretion on the part of the judge and jury resulting in lack of consistent administration of the penalty. |
| Gregg v. Georgia | The 1976 Supreme Court decision that upheld the constitutionality of the death penalty, stating, "It is an extreme sanction, suitable to the most extreme of crimes." The court did not, therefore, believe that the death sentence constitutes cruel and unusual punishment. |
| U.S. v. Nixon | In 1973 the Supreme Court for the first time met the issue directly. A federal special prosecutor dought tape recordings of White House conversations between President Nixon and his advisers as part of his investigation of the Watergate scandal. In the case, the Supreme Cout, by a vote of eight to zero, held that while there may be a sound basis for the claim of executive privilege, especially where sensitive military or diplomatic matters are incolced, there is no "absolute unqualified Presidential privelege of immunity from judicial process under all circumstances." |
| Scott v. Sanford | The 1857 Supreme Court decision ruling that a slave who had escaped to a free state enjoyed no rights as a citizen and that Congress had no authority to ban slavery in the territories. |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.