Ch 8 Bio
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Created by:
carlysadowski on September 27, 2011
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28 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Osmosis | diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane |
| Isotonic Solution | When the concentration of dissolved substances in the solution is the same as the concentration of dissolved substances inside the cell |
| Hypotonic Solution | When the concentration of dissolved substances is lower in the solution outside the cell that the concentration inside the cell |
| Hypertonic Solution | When the concentration of dissolved substances is higher in the solution outside the cell that the concentration inside the cell |
| Passive Transport | The movement of particles across the membrane using no energy |
| Facilitated Diffusion | Passive transport of materials across the membrane using transport proteins |
| Active Transport | The movement of materials through a membrane against concentration gradient |
| Endocytosis | process by which a cell takes material into the cell by infolding of the cell membrane |
| Exocytosis | process by which a cell releases large amounts of material |
| Chromosome | Structures that contain SNA and become darkly colored when strained |
| Cell Cycle | Sequence of growth and division of a cell |
| Interphase | The phase the cells spend most time in when it grows in size and carried on a metabolism |
| Mitosis | The phase when two daughter cells are formed, each containing a complete set of chromosomes |
| Prophase | The first and longest stage of mitosis when the long stringy chromatin coils up into visible chromosomes |
| Sister Chromatids | Two halves of the double structure, chromosome |
| Centromere | A structure that holds together sister chromatids |
| Centrioles | Small, dark, cylindrical structures that are made of microtubules and are located just outside the nucleus and play a role in chromatid separation |
| Spindle Fibers | Football shaped, cagelike stucture consisting of thin fibers made of micotubules |
| Anaphase | The third phase of mitosis when the centromeres split apart and chromatid pairs from each chromosomes separate from eachother |
| Telophase | The final phase of mitosis during which new cells prepare for their independent existance |
| Cytokinesis | After telophase, the cell's cytoplasm divides |
| Tissue | Organized in carious combinations to form organs |
| Organs | Perform more complex roles within the organism |
| Organ System | Multiple organs that work together |
| Gene | A segment of DNA that controls the production of protein |
| Chromatin | Long strands of DNA wrapped around proteins called histones |
| Metaphase | During the short second phase of mitosis, the double chromosomes become attaches to the spindle fibers by their centromeres |
| Cancer | A malignant growth resulting from uncontrolled cell division |
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