genetics
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Created by:
uncgirl106 on September 28, 2011
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22 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 genetics | the study of heredity |
| hybrid | offspring with genetically different parents |
| genes | sections of DNA found on the chromosome |
| genotype | description of an individuals particular combination of alleles (genetic makeup- can not see with eyes) |
| homozygous | organisms that have 2 same factors for a trait |
| dominant allele | allele that expresses its phenotypic affect (shows physically) |
| principle of segregation | describes how inheritance of traits are passed |
| punnett square | table that predicts the likelihood/probability that a trait will show up in an offspring |
| polygenic trait | a trait controlled by 2 or more genes |
| codominance | mixture of traits (2 alleles show like a zebra) |
| sex-linked traits | traits linked by their sex chromosomes |
| Gregor Mendel | austrian monk who was first to describe how traits were passed |
| purebred | offspring with genetically same parents (HOMOZYGOUS) |
| alleles | alternate form of a gene that determines characteristics |
| phenotype | individuals appearance (determined by dominant allele) |
| heterozygous | organisms with 2 different factors for a trait (Tt) |
| recessive allele | an allele who's phenotype traits are not expressed |
| principle of independent assortment | an allele pair separate independently during the formation of gametes |
| test cross | crossing of an organism with an unknown genotype with a recessive |
| incomplete dominance | mixed (red flowers+ white flowers= pink flowers) |
| multiple alleles | presence of 2 or more allels for a genetic trait |
| autosomal traits | traits carried on all other chromosomes besides sex chromosomes |
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