AP Gov Chapter 3
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28 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Block Grant | Money granted by the federal government to the states for a broad purpose |
| Categorical Grants | Federal grants to states or local governments that are for specific programs or projects. |
| Conditions of Aid | Terms set by the national government that states must meet if they are to receive certain federal funds. |
| Commerce Clause | The section of the Constitution in which Congress is given the power to regulate trade among the states and with foreign countries. |
| Cooperative Federalism | system in which both federal government and state governments cooperate in solving problems |
| Concurrent Powers | powers that are shared by both the federal and state governments |
| Delegated Powers | powers given to the federal government by the Constitution |
| Devolution Revolution | The effort to slow the growth of the federal government by returning many functions to the states. |
| Dillon's Rule | local governments can only exercise powers that are expressly granted to them by the state |
| Dual Federalism | A system of government in which both the states and the national government remain supreme within their own spheres, each responsible for some policies. |
| Enumerated Powers | Powers of the federal government that are specifically addressed in the Constitution |
| Extradition | The legal process by which a fugitive from justice in one state is returned to that state |
| Federalism | the idea of a federal organization of more or less self-governing units |
| Fiscal Federalism | the pattern of spending, taxing, and providing grants in the federal system |
| Full Faith and Credit Clause | Constitution's requirement that each state accept the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state |
| Grants-in-Aid-System | federal funds provided to states and localities |
| Implied Powers | powers not specifically mentioned in the constitution |
| Mandate | an authoritative command |
| McCullough vs Maryland | upholds the constitutionality of the Bank of the US. "Necessary and Proper" clause |
| Gibbons vs Ogden | Gave control of interstate commerce to U.S. Congress (1824) |
| Supremacy Clause | The constitutional provision that makes the Constitution and federal laws superior to all conflicting state and local laws. |
| Necessary and Proper Clause | Constitutional clause that gives congress the power to make all laws "necessary and proper" for executing its powers |
| Police Power | state power to enact laws promoting health, safety, and morals |
| Privileges and Immunities | States are prohibited from unreasonably discriminating against residents of other states (article 4) |
| Recall | gave citizens a chance to remove an elected official from office before the person's term ended |
| Referendum | process by which people vote directly on a bill |
| Reserved Powers | Powers not specifically granted to the federal government or denied to the states belong to the states and the people |
| Revenue Sharing | Federal sharing of a fixed percentage of its revenue with the states. |
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