Anatomy Chapter 1
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Created by:
elizabeth_donovan on September 28, 2011
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39 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 anatomy | the structure of an organism and the relationship of its parts |
| physiology | study of the functions of living organisms and their parts |
| anatomical position | a "reference" position where body is erect with arms at sides and palms turned forward |
| superior | top |
| inferior | bottom |
| anterior | front (or ventral) |
| posterior | back (or dorsal) |
| proximal | near |
| distal | away |
| medial | toward middle |
| lateral | toward side |
| frontal or coronal | divides front and back |
| transverse | divides upper and lower body (top and bottom) |
| mid-sagittal | divides body into equal halves (right and left) |
| Anatomical Compass Rosette | S R L I Superior Inferior Left Right *always refer to the patients left and right, not yours |
| supine | facing upwards |
| prone | facing downwards |
| auto | self |
| opsis | view |
| Patients in for back surgery are placed in a ____ position. | prone |
| Postmortem | another word for autopsy |
| Autopsies are performed in __ stages. | 3 |
| Stage 1 of Autopsy | Exterior |
| Stage 2 of Autopsy | Body is opened, organs are examined Ventral body cavity (y-shaped incision) |
| Stage 3 of Autopsy | Fluid and Tissue Analysis Microscopic examination of tissues |
| (Rhino)plasy | of or pertaining to the nose job |
| ventral | bottom and belly |
| dorsal | back (think of dorsal fin on shark) (brain and spinal cord) |
| Ventral Body Cavity | Includes- thoracic cavity (chest) - Mediastinum: (heart, trachea, blood vessels) - Pleural cavities: (lungs) - Abdominopelvic cavity: (liver, gallbladder, stomach, spleen, pancreas, intestines, rectum, urinary bladder, reproductive organs) |
| Inguinal Hernia | - A condition where the intestines push through a weak area of the abdominal wall into the scrotum - Can occur when lifting heavy objects because of the high internal pressure generated by the abdominal muscles - Can also be congenital - Can cause obstruction of the digestive tract and result in death |
| Regions of the Abdominopelvic Cavity in Ventral Body Cavity | Rt. Hypochondriac Region | Epigastric Region | Left Hypochondriac Region Right Lumbar Region | Umbilical Region | Left Lumbar Region Rt. Iliac (inguinal) Region | Hypogastric Region |Left Iliac (inguinal) Region |
| Dorsal Body Cavity | Includes- Cranial Cavity- contains brain Spinal Cavity- contains spine |
| Body Regions in the Dorsal Body Cavity | - Axial Region- head, neck, and torso or trunk - Appendicular region- upper and lower extremities (clue word- appendages [arms and legs]) |
| The Balance of Body Functions | - Survival is most important to body. - Survival depends on homeostasis (relative constancy of internal environment). Feedback loops maintain this self-regulation. - All organs maintain homeostasis. - Body functions are related to age! |
| l.s. | longitudinal section |
| c.s. | cross section |
| barber shop pole | blood, bandages, and veins |
| rx | recipe |
| what 2 creatures are entwined around the caduceus- an ancient symbol for the medial profession? | snakes |
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