chapter 3
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22 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 culture | the way of life that distinguishes a people, for example, government, language, religion, customs, and beliefs |
| population density | the average number of people living in a given area |
| birthrate | the number of live births each year per 1,000 people |
| emigrant | a person who leaves a country to live elsewhere |
| immigrant | a person who moves into a country |
| urbanization | the growth of city populations |
| rural | of, or characteristics of, the country side |
| culture hearth | a place in which important ideas begin and there after spread to surrounding cultures |
| cultural convergence | the contact and interaction of one culture with one another |
| diffusion | the process by which a cultural element is transmitted from one group or individual to another |
| sovereignty | a country's freedom and power to decide policies and action |
| unitary system | a system of government in which one central government holds most of the political power |
| federation | a government structure in which some powers are given to national government and other powers are to/reserved for local government |
| confederation | a system of government in which individual political units keep there sovereignty but give limited power to a central government |
| authoritarian | descriptive of a system of government in which leaders hold all political power |
| dictatorship | a system of government in which absolute power is held by a small group or one person |
| totalitarianism | a system of government in which a central authority controls all aspects of society |
| monarchy | a system of authoritarian government headed by monarch whose position is usually inherited |
| democracy | a system of government in which the people are invested with the power to choose their leaders and determine their policies |
| traditional economy | an economic system in which families produce goods and services for their own use, with little surplus and exchange for goods; also known as substinence farming |
| market economy | an economic system in which decisions about production, price, and other economic factors are determined by the law of supply and demand |
| command economy | an economic system that is controlled by a single central government |
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