| Term | Definition |
| apical meristem | roots and the leafs- elongations maximizes their exposure to environmental resources |
| multicellular dependent embryos | placental transfer cells that enhance nutrient transfer to embryos |
| cuticle | polyster and waxes - epidermis protects against attack- waxy nature acts as waterproof |
| stomata | support photosynthesis- allow O2 and CO2 exchange water leaves through evaporation |
| xylem | carries water and minerals from roots (dead system of water pipes) |
| phloem | living tissues - distribute sugars and amino acids |