Ancient & Classical Greece & the Hellenistic Empires
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Big_WHAPster on September 29, 2011
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31 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Alexander of Macedon | son of King Philip; inherited his father's army. He and his army conquered all of Anatolia, Mesopotamia, Persia, Egypt, and NW India. |
| Antigonid empire | The Hellenistic empire in Greece and Macedon after Alexander's death. |
| Antigonus | a general of Alexander the Great who became king of Macedonia and Greece, or the Antigonid Empire. |
| Arrian | Greek historian of Alexander who suggested that the fire at Persepolis was set in revenge for the Persian burning of Athens |
| Battle of Marathon | a battle in 490 BC in which the Athenians and their allies defeated the Persians |
| Peloponnesian War | a war in which Athens and its allies, the Delian League, were defeated by the league led by Sparta, the Peloponnesian League |
| Pericles | Athenian leader noted for advancing democracy in Athens and for ordering the construction of the Parthenon. |
| Persian Wars | A series of wars between Greek city-states and the Persian Empire (5th century B.C.). |
| Philip II of Macedon | king of Macedon; first to unite the Greeks under on leader; and, father of Alexander the Great |
| Ptolemaic empire | The Hellenistic empire in Egypt area after Alexander's death; created by Ptolemy, one of Alexander's generals. |
| Ptolemy | Alexander's general who took over Egypt and became pharaoh |
| Battle of Salamis | victory at sea for Greek triremes against larger Persian fleet; Themistocles tricked Persians into narrow channel |
| Seleucid empire | The Hellenistic empire in Syria, Persia, and Bactria after Alexander's death; founded by Seleucus. |
| Seleucus | Macedonian general who accompanied Alexander the Great into Asia |
| Solon | Athenian reformer of the 6th century; established laws that eased the burden of debt on farmers, forbade enslavement for debt |
| Delian League | an alliance headed by Athens for the purpose of fighting the Persians; it became a dictatorship of Athens over other states |
| Battle of Thermopylae | Battle during the first Persian War in which Spartan troops fought to the death against a much larger Persian force |
| Mycenaeans | Indo-European civilization on the Greek mainland that invaded Minoan Crete in about 1400 BCE; fought against the Trojans |
| Minoans | a seafaring and trading people that lived on the island of Crete from about 2000-1400 BCE; more influenced by the Egyptians that the Greeks |
| Knossos | Minoan capital city |
| Iliad | a Greek epic poem (attributed to Homer) describing the siege of Troy |
| Linear A / Linear B | Ancient Aegean writing similar to hieroglyphics. Thus far only Linear B has been fully deciphered. |
| polis (pl. poleis) | An independent city-state in ancient Greece. |
| tyrant | in ancient Greece, a ruler who had seized power without legal right to it |
| Athens | powerful Greek city-state that was a long time rival of Sparta |
| Sparta | ancient Greek city-state famous for military prowess |
| helots | in Sparta, these were slaves owned by the state to work in agriculture; the descendants of Sparta's neighbors |
| colony | group of people who found a city-state far from home but maintain ties with their homeland |
| Hellas | name the Greeks had for their land |
| Alexandria | City in Egypt founded by Alexander the Great, center of commerce and Hellenistic civilization |
| Battle of Plataea | final defeat of the Persian army by the Greeks in 479 BC |
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