psychology notes for test chapters 1-3
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26 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 positive correlation | Direct association between two variables. As one variable becomes large, the other also becomes large, and vice versa |
| negative correlation | In a negative correlation, as the values of one of the variables increase, the values of the second variable decrease and vice versa. |
| spurious correlation | A correlation between two variables when there is no causal link between them. (fake) |
| 7 perspectives | psychoanalysis, behaviorism, humanist, cognitive, biological, evolutionary, sociocultural. |
| Psychoanalysis | focus on expression of emotion |
| Behaviorist | objective, observable environment influences on overt behavior (non human animals were ideal subjects for research) |
| Cognitive | focus on how the brain processes information |
| Humanist | free will, self actualization, and human nature as naturally positive and growth-seeking |
| Evolutionary | natural selection, adaptation, and evolution of behavior & mental processes |
| Biological | brain imaging techniques |
| Sociological | Social interaction and the cultural determinants of behavior and mental processes |
| EEG (Electro-Encephalography) | (Function).. Used to tell if epilepsy is suspected. An EEG can tell the healthcare provider if there is abnormal electrical activity in the brain and, in some cases, the types of seizures you might be experiencing. |
| PET (Position Emission Tomography) | (Function) a nuclear medicine imaging technique that produces a three-dimensional image or picture of functional processes in the body. |
| MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) | (structure) a test that uses a magnetic field and pulses of radio wave energy to make pictures of organs and structures inside the body. |
| CT (computerized tomography) | a diagnostic procedure that uses special x-ray equipment to obtain cross-sectional pictures of the body. The CT computer displays these pictures as detailed images of organs, bones, and other tissues. |
| Dendrites | part of neuron that receives information from other neurons and sensory receptors. |
| Cell Body | part of neuron that receives information from dendrites, and if enough stimulation is received, the message is passed on to the axon |
| Axon | part of neuron that carries neuron's message to other body cells |
| Myelin Sheath | part of neuron that covers the axon of some neurons to insulate and help speed neural impulses |
| Terminal buttons | of axon form junctions with other cells and release chemicals called neurotransmitters |
| Synapse | a structure that permits a neuron to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another cell |
| Neurotransmitters | endogenous chemicals that transmit signals from a neuron to a target cell across a synapse. |
| Frontal Lobe | front of brain; receives and coordinates messages from other lobes; motor control, speech production, and higher functions |
| Parietal Lobe | top rear of brain; receives information about pressure, pain, touch, and temperature |
| Temporal Love | Sides of brain above ears; hearing, language, comprehension |
| Occipital | back of brain; vision and visual perception. |
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