| Term | Definition |
|---|
| What are the two types of crust? | continental and oceanic |
| Continental crust is usually ___ and made of ___. | thicker, granite |
| Oceanic crust is usually ___ and made of ___. | thinner, basalt |
| What is the outermost layer of the earth called? | the crust |
| What is the layer below the crust called? | the lithosphere |
| What are two examples of mechanical layers of the Earth? | the asthenosphere and lithosphere |
| What is the least dense layer of the Earth? | the continental crust |
| What is the most dense layer? | the inner core |
| What state is the inner core? | solid |
| What is name of the supercontinent that was present on Earth about 200 million years ago? | Pangaea |
| How many plates is the crust broken into? | 15 |
| What 3 things did Alfred Wegener use to support his idea of continental drift? | The fit of the continents, similar fossils in Africa and South America and evidence that glaciers had formed in places that are very warm |
| How did the Appalachiam Mountains and the Himalayan Mountains both form? | By the process of continent-continent collission |
| The scientific community ____ Wegener's ideas initially. | opposed |
| Where are igneous rocks younger? | At the center of the ocean |
| What theory is supported by the fact that igneous rocks at the center of the ocean are younger than those near the edges? | the theory of the sea floor spreading |
| What is the motion of material in the asthenosphere thought to be responsible for the motion of the plates? | convection |
| Where can the youngest crust in the ocean be found? | Near the middle |
| Give a specific geographic example of a feature formed at a convergent boundary between two continental plates. | mountains |
| Name 2 features that are formed when heavy ocean crust is subducted under lighter continental crust. | trenches and subduction zones |
| Virginia is located __ ___ from a plate boundary. | far away |
| Because Virginia is located far away from a plate boundary, it experiences very few _____ and have no ____. | earthquakes, volcanoes |
| What is the name of the fault in California that is an example of a transform boundary? | San Andreas fault |
| What kind of faults are present in California? | strike-slip |
| What is the ring of fire? | a chain of volcanoes |
| There are many ___ along the edge of the Ring of Fire. | faults |
| What is the Mid Atlantic Ridge? | a chain of mountains of the ocean floor |
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