Chapter 1
Order by
49 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Sumerians | creators of first Mesopotamian civilization; capital: Ur, temples, ziggurats, big walls |
| Akkadians | semitic people to the north of sumeria, conquered sumeria |
| Sargon | ruler of the Akkadians, formed and empire |
| hammurabi | ruler of the Amorites, unified Mesopotamia |
| divination | reading the gods wishes by sacrificing animals or reading the stars |
| epic of gilgamesh | epic poem about the king of uruk who wanted to become immortal |
| dynasty | time period where one family ruled over the years |
| menes | first royal egyptian dynasty, united upper and lower egypt |
| ma'at | spiritual precept that conveyed the ideas of truth and justice but especially right order and harmony |
| bureaucracy | had regular procedures and departments: police, justice, river transport, public works, agriculture, and treasury |
| vizier | "steward of the whole land" in charge of bureaucracy |
| nomarch | governor, greek term |
| middle kingdom | leaders thought of people when making decisions |
| social ladder of egypt | pharaoh, nobles and priests, merchants and artisans, farmers |
| sun cult | sun god- Re, importance of the sun |
| Osiris cult | resurrection and rebirth, first for wealthy people then to everyone else |
| book of the dead | held magical incantations that were used to ensure a favorable journey to a happy afterlife |
| ka | spiritual form of the body |
| art | assist dead to the afterworld, strict canon:proportions, form and presentation |
| Hyksos | semitic, originally in arabian peninsula, introduced bronze |
| New Kingdom | militaristic and imperialistic, most powerful |
| Amenhotep | introduced monotheism |
| Ramses | regained control of Palestine |
| Hatshepsut | woman queen, military expeditions, mining, agriculture, trading expeditions |
| marraige | parent arranged, produce kids, could divorce |
| neolithic europe | domesticated animals, farming on their own, large stone structures |
| Stonehenge | england, rings of stone structures, lined up with celestial objects |
| indo-europeans | black sea area, moved into europe |
| Hittites | threatened power of egypt, used iron |
| Phoenecians | semitic, extended trade, used water to traves, phonetical alphabet |
| hebrews | judaism, migrated to egypt because of a drought, enslaved in egypt |
| Judaism | influenced christianity and islam, flourished as a world religion |
| hebrew bible | old testament, hebrews as nomadic people, describes journey of hebrews |
| Saul | king of israel |
| David | King of israel |
| Solomon | king of Israel |
| temple | symbolic center of religion, arc of the covenant |
| israel | north of Judah, overtaken by Assyria |
| Judah | South of Israel, overtaken by Chaldeans |
| Yahweh | Jewish god |
| Assyrians | semitic, tigris river area, military |
| Ashurbanipal | strongest Assyrian ruler |
| Assyrian military | standing army at all times, well organized and disciplined |
| Chaldeans | semitic, led to collapse of assyrians |
| Persians | indo-european, nomadic, tribes and clans |
| Cyrus the Great | united persian clans, conquered surrounding areas |
| Darius | largest empire, created satrapies |
| Zoroastrianism | persian form of monotheism |
| Ahuramazda | main persian god |
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