Chapter 1 ecology test
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29 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 ecosystem | Living and nonliving things in an environment, together with their interactions |
| habitat | Place where an organism lives and that provide the things that needs |
| biotic factor | a living part of an ecosystem |
| abiotic factor | a nonliving part of an ecosystem |
| photosynthesis | process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches or other animal eats plant to obtain food. |
| species | a group of similar organisms that can mate with each other and produce fertile offsprin |
| population | Group of one species that live in the same area |
| community | populations of different species living in a defined area |
| ecology | the study of the relationship between organisms and their environment |
| population density | the number of individuals per unit area |
| estimate | An approximation of a number based on reasonable assumptions |
| birth rate | the number of births in a population in a certain amount of time |
| death rate | the number of deaths in a population in a certain amount of time |
| immigration | moving in to the population |
| emigration | leaving a population |
| limiting factor | an environmental factor that prevents a population from increasing |
| carrying capacity | largest number of individuals of a population that a environment can support |
| natural selection | the changes that make organism better suited to their environments. |
| adaptations | the behaviors and physical characteristics that allow organisms to live successfully in their environments |
| niche | how an organism makes a living (how survives in its environment) |
| competition | the struggle between organisms to survive in a habitat with limited resources |
| predation | interaction in which one organism kills and feeds on another organism |
| predator | the organism that does the killing |
| prey | an organism that is killed and eaten by another organism |
| symbiosis | a close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species |
| mutualism | a relationship between two species in which both species benefit |
| commensalism | symbiotic relationship in which one member of the association benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed |
| parasitism | A relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is harmed |
| host | the organism that a parasite or virus lives in or on |
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