World History- Rome Events
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20 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Twelve Tables | a. 450 B.C.- laws were engraved on 12 tablets in the Forum b. became basis for all future Roman law |
| Law of Nations | a. established standards of justice that applied to all people - innocent until proven guilty - accused allowed to go before a judge and plead their case - allowed a fair, equal trial |
| Crossing the Rubicon | a. led to Civil War b. at the end of 2 months, Caesar had captured all of Italy c. drove Pompey and his allies out of the country |
| Julius Caesar's Reign | a. takes over the government as a dictator for life b. 5 achievements of Roman government under the leadership of Caesar: - jobs given to unemployed - public land to the poor - citizenship to people in provinces - increases senate size to 900 members |
| First Triumvirate | People: Crassus, Julius Caesar, and Pompey a. proves to be unstable when Crassus is killed in battle, Senate votes Pompey to lead all of Rome b. Caesar refuses to step down |
| Second Triumvirate | People: Octavian, Marc Antony, Marcus, and Lepidus a. Second Triumvirate is not successful - Octavian forces Lepidus to retire from political life - Antony marries Cleopatra |
| Battle of Actium (31 B.C.) | Octavian destroys army and navy of Marc Antony |
| Augustus' Reign (27 B.C. - 14 A.D.) | a. Octavian was given the title, Augustus, which means "Majestic One" or "Revered One" b. Rebuilt the city of Rome and became a patron of the arts c. Maintained an army of 28 legions d. Conquered many new areas to be under Roman Empire |
| The Julian Emperors | The Julian Emperors were all related to Augustus in some way: a. Tiberius b. Caligula c. Claudius d. Nero |
| The Five Good Emperors | 1. Nerva 2. Trajan 3. Hadrian 4. Antoninus Pius 5. Marcus Aurelius |
| Pax Romana (31. B.C. - A.D. 180) | 1. "Roman Peace" a. boosted trade b. achievements in art c. peace maintained within empire d. time of economic growth e. at the height of the empire, over 100 million |
| Ancient Roman Contributions | 1. Law 2. Government 3. Language 4. Art 5. Architectural and Engineering 6. Christianity |
| The Rise of Christianity | The Message of Jesus- Jesus believed that his mission was to complete the salvation that God had promised to Israel throughout its history |
| The Triumph of Christianity | 3 Reasons Christianity attracted followers: - Christian message had much to offer the Roman world - Viewed by some as similar to other religions - Fulfilled the human need to belong |
| The First Punic War (261-241 B.C.) | 1. Carthage started taking over Greek city-states in eastern Sicily and the Sicilian Greeks asked Rome for protection 2. Rome won the was quickly by building a fleet and taking the Carthaginians on at sea (used grappling hooks to attach boots to Carthaginian boats) 3. Carthage gave up claims to eastern Sicily and western Sicily |
| The Second Punic War (218-202 B.C.) | 1. Hannibal took control of one of Rome's allied cities in Spain 2. Led 46,000 soldiers, horses and 40 elephants across Alps 3. Hannibal restored his depleted troops with Gauls who had recently been defeated by Rome and were seeking revenge |
| 216 B.C. (Cannae) | Hannibal set a trap for the Romans, allowed them to attack his weak center line a. 40,000 Roman men were killed |
| 202 B.C. | a. Scipio defeated Hannibal at the Battle of Zama b. Demanded Carthage's land in Spain c. Forced to pay another large fine |
| The Third Punic War (149-146 B.C.) | 1. Romans alarmed by continued existence of Carthage and the quick recovery of trade after the 1st two Punic Wars 2. 146 B.C.- Romans burned Carthage to the ground (took 10 days) |
| Results of Punic Wars | a. Rome was victorious in all 3 b. Rome gained control over western Mediterranean and remaining Carthaginian territories |
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