exploring medical terms chapter 5, medical terms
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burgoobwah on October 3, 2011
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66 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Atelectasis | Incomplete expansion |
| Bronchiectasis | Dilation of the bronchi |
| Bronchogenic carcinoma | Cancerous tumor originating in a bronchus |
| Bronchopneumonia | Diseased state of the bronchi and lungs usualy caused by infection |
| Diaphragmatocele | Hernia of the diaphragm |
| Epiglottitis | Inflammation of the epiglottis |
| Hemothorax | Blood in the chest/pleural space |
| Laryngotracheobronchitis | Inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi. Abbr. LTB the acute form is called croup |
| Lobar pneumonia | Pertaining to the lobe(s); diseased state of the lung |
| pleuritis or pleurisy | inflammation of the pleura |
| pneumatocele | hernia of the lung. lung tissue protrudes through an opening in the chest |
| penumoconiosis | abnormal condition of dust in the lungs. caused by excessive inhalation of mineral dust. when a disease is caused by a specific dust it named for the dust ex. silicosis(silica) |
| pneumonia | diseased state of the lung. the infection and inflammation are caused by bacteria such as strep, staphyl, pneumococcus, and haemophilis; viruses and fungi |
| pneumothorax | air in the chest (pleural space), which causes collapse of the lung often a result of an open chest wound |
| pulmonary neoplasm | pertaining to in the lung, a benign new growth |
| pyothorax or empyema | pus in the pleural space or chest |
| rhinitis | inflammation of the mucous membranes in the nose |
| rhinomycosis | abnormal condition of fungus in the nose |
| rhinorrhagia or epistaxis | rapid flow of blood from the nose |
| thoracalgia | pain in the chest |
| tonsillitis | inflammation of the tonsils |
| tracheostenosis | narrowing of the trachea |
| acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) | respiratory failure as a result of disease or injury. symptoms- dyspnea, tachypnea, and cyanosis |
| asthma | respiratory disease characterized by paroxysms of coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath, which caused by construction of airways that is reversible between attacks |
| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | a progressive lung disease that restricts air flow, which makes breathing difficult. Chronic bronchitis and emphysema are the two main components of COPD but it may also be cause by chronic asthmatic bronchitis. Most COPD is a result of cigarette smoking. |
| coccidioidomycosis or valley fever or cocci | fungal disease affecting the lungs and sometimes other organs |
| cor pulmonale | serious cardiaac disease associated with chronic lung disorder such as emphysema |
| croup | condition resulting from acute obstruction of the larynx, characterized by a barking cough, hoarseness and stridor. It may be caused by viral or bacterial infection, allergy, or foreign body. Occurs mainly in children. |
| cystic fibrosis | hereditary disorder f the exocrine glands characterized by excess mucous production in the respiratory tract, pancreatic deficiency, and other symptoms. |
| deviated septum | one part of the nasal cavity is smaller because of malformation or injury of the nasal septum |
| emphysema | stretching of the lung tisshe cause by the alveoli becoming distended and losing elasticity |
| influenza or flu | highly infectious respiratory disease caused by a virus |
| Legionnaire Disease | a lobar pneumonia caused by the bacterium Legionella pneumophilia |
| obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) | repetitive pharyngeal collapse during sleep which leads to absence of breathing and can produce daytime drowsiness and elevated blood pressure |
| pertussis or whooping cough | highly contagious bacterial infection of the respiratory tracht characterized by an acute crowing inspiration or whoop |
| pleural effusion | fluid in the pleural spaced caused by a disease process or trauma |
| pulmonary edema | fluid accumulation in the alveoli and bronchioles |
| pulmonary embolism (PE) | matter foreign to the circulation, carried to the pulmonary artery and its branches, where it blocks circulation to the lungs that can be fatal if of sufficient size or number. Blood clots broken loose from deep veins of the lower extremities are the most common source of the emboli |
| tuberculosis (TB) | an infectious disease, cause by an acid fast bacillus most commonly spread by an inhalation of small particles and usually affecting the lungs |
| upper respiratory infection (URI) or cold | infection of the nasal cavity, pharynx, or larynx |
| adenoidectomy | excision of the adenoids |
| adenotome | surgical instrument used to cut the adenoids |
| bronchoplasty | surgical repair of a bronchus |
| pleuroplexy | surgical fixation of the pleura |
| thoracocentisis or thoracentisis | surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from the chest cavity |
| tracheostomy | creation of an artificial opening into the trachea |
| capnometer | instrument used to measure carbon dioxide |
| oximeter | instrument used to measure oxygen |
| spirometer | instrument used to measure breathing |
| acapnia | condition of absense or less than normal level of carbon dioxide in the blood |
| anoxia | conditino of absense or deficiency of oxygen in the blood |
| bronchospasm | spasmodic contraction in the bronchi |
| diaphragmatic or phrenic | pertaining to the diaphragm |
| endotracheal | pertaining to with in the trachea |
| eupnea | normal breathing |
| orthopnea | able to breathe easier in a straight upright position |
| phrenospasm | spasm of the diaphragm |
| rhinorrhea | discharge from the nose as in cold |
| tachypnea | rapid breathing |
| mucopurulent | containing both mucus and pus |
| nebulizer | a device that creates a mist used to deliver medication for giving respiratory treatment |
| paroxysm | periodic, sudden attack |
| patent | open, allowing passage of air through airways |
| sputum | mucous secretion form the lung, bronchi, and trachea expelled through the mouth |
| ventilator | mechanical device used to assist with or substitute from breathing |
| bronchodialator | agent causing the bronchi to widen |
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