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brain stem the structure that connects the cerbrum with the spinal cord central nervous system the brain and spinal cord cerebrum the largest and uppermost part of the brain, which controls thought and conscious action cerebral cortex the outer layer of the cerebrum cerebellum the part of the brain that coordinates muscular activity coma a deep unconsciousness from which a person cannot be awakened concussion an injury to the brain, resulting from a hard blow, that causes unconsciousness contusion a bruise of soft tissue; a collection of blood to a damaged area electroencepalograph an instrument that gives a visual record of brain impulses engram a special code a persons brain uses to remember the way to perform a task impulse a message carried by neurons to one part of the body from another insomnia the inability to sleep narcolepsy a disorder in which a person falls asleep suddenly nervous system the complex group of organs and nerves that control all actions and thoughts neuron the basic unit of the nervous paraplegia the paralysis of the lower body and legs quadriplegia the paralysis of the body from the neck down sleep apnea a condition in which breathing stops periodically during sleep synapse a space between the end of the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron migraine a severe headache caused by changes in the blood vessels in the brain name the 3 most common sleep disorder -insomnia -narcolepsy -sleep apnea name the 3 parts of a nerve cell -dendrites -cell body -axon 3 common head injuries -concussion -contusion -coma 3 types of neurons -sensory -interneurons -motor 3 protective coverings of the central nervous system -skull and vertebrae -meninges -protective fluid