Chemistry Ch 4: Atoms
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Created by:
mhawkins12 on October 4, 2011
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pg 97-
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27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Electromagnatic radiation | Form of energy that exhibits wavelike characteristics and travels through space. |
| Electromagnetic spectrum | all forms of electromagnetic radiation x-rays, to UV rays, to infared light, to micro waves to radio waves. |
| Speed of light | c, 3.00 x 10^8 m/s |
| Wavelength | distance between corresponding points on adjacent waves (distance unit) |
| visible light | part of the electrtomagnetic spectrum from 400 to 700 nm. (colors)` |
| frequency | the number of waves that pass a given point in a specific time, usually one second. (waves/second |
| Hertz | waves/second |
| speed of light Equation | c=(wavelength(frequency) (frequency is inversely proportional to wavelength) |
| Photoelectric effect | the emission of electrons from a metal when light shines on the metal frequency determines electrons emitted* |
| Quantum | minimum amount of energy that can be lost or gained by an atom |
| equation for Energy | relationship between a quantum of energy and frequency e=(plank's contant)frequency Energy is proportional to frequency |
| Planck's constant | 6.626 x 10^-34 (joules x seconds) |
| Photon | particle of electromagnetic radiation having zero mass and carrying a quantum of energy Energy of Photon = (h)frequency |
| Dual wave-particle nature | einstein introduced that light can sometimes be in the form of a wave or as a particle |
| ground state (of energy) | the lowest possible state of energy of an atom |
| Excited state | state at which the atom has a higher potential energy that its grounded state (electron gives off energy in form of electromagentic radiation from excited state to get back to ground state) |
| Energy of photon emitted | the energy of a photon emitted is equal to the difference in energy between the atoms' initial state and it's final state. |
| Bohr Model | electrons follow orbits specified around nucleus |
| Absorption | energy must be added to an electron of lower energy to get to a higher energy level energy of absorbed or emitted photon corresponds to a particular frequency of emitted light |
| de Broglie | said that electrons are like waves around the nucleus |
| diffraction | bending of light wave as it passes by the edge of an object or small opening |
| interference | when waves overlap |
| heisenburg uncertainty principle | states that it is impossible to determine simultaneously both the position and velocity of an electron or any other atomic particle |
| quantum theory | mathematically describes the wave properties of electrons and other very small particles |
| orbital | three dimensional region around the nucleus that indicates the probable location of an electron |
| quantum numbers | specify the properties of atomic orbitals and the properties of electrons in orbitals |
| 4 types of quantum number | main energy level, shape, orientation of orbital and spin of orbital |
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