The American Pageant- Chapters 7-8
Order by
34 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Sons of Liberty | A radical political organization for colonial independence which formed in 1765 after the passage of the Stamp Act. They incited riots and burned the customs houses where the stamped British paper was kept. After the repeal of the Stamp Act, many of the local chapters formed the Committees of Correspondence which continued to promote opposition to British policies towards the colonies. The Sons leaders included Samuel Adams and Paul Revere. |
| Townshend Acts | A tax that the British Parliament placed on leads, glass, paint and tea |
| Boston Tea Party | demonstration (1773) by citizens of Boston who (disguised as Indians) raided three British ships in Boston harbor and dumped hundreds of chests of tea into the harbor |
| Coercive | This series of laws were very harsh laws that intended to make Massachusetts pay for its resistance. It also closed down the Boston Harbor until the Massachusetts colonists paid for the ruined tea. Also forced Bostontonians to shelter soldiers in their own homes. |
| Loyalists/ Tories | Loyalists were British North America colonists who remained loyal subjects of the British crown during the American Revolution. They were also called Tories, King's Men, or Royalists. Those Loyalists who left and resettled in Canada called themselves the United Empire Loyalists. Their colonial opponents, who supported the Revolution, were called Patriots, Whigs, Rebels, Congress Men, or, in view of their loyalty to the new United States of America, just Americans. Historians have estimated that about 15-20% of the white population may have been Loyalists 2: 1763-1775 |
| Patriots/ Whigs | The Patriots were numerous where Presbyterianism and Congregationalism flourished-mostly in New England. They hurt the Loyalists after the Declaration because they wanted full control. |
| First Continental Congress | Delegates from all colonies except Georgia met to discuss problems with Britain and to promote independence |
| Yorktown | in 1781 during the American Revolution the British under Cornwallis surrendered after a siege of three weeks by American and French troops |
| Second Continental Congress | They organized the continental Army, called on the colonies to send troops, selected George Washington to lead the army, and appointed the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence |
| Social Contract | agreement by which people give up the state of nature for an organized society. |
| George Washington | 1st President of the United States |
| Patrick Henry | a leader of the American Revolution and a famous orator who spoke out against British rule of the American colonies (1736-1799) |
| Lexington-Concord | the first battle of the American Revolution (April 19, 1775) |
| Sugar Act | halved the duty on foreign made molasses, placed duties on certain imports, and strengthened the enforcement of the law allowing prosecutors to try smuggling cases in a vice-admiralty court |
| Boston Massacre | British soldiers fired into a crowd of colonists who were teasing and taunting them. Five colonists were killed. The colonists blamed the British and the Sons of Liberty and used this incident as an excuse to promote the Revolution |
| Intolerable Acts | in response to Boston Tea Party, 4 acts passed in 1774, Port of Boston closed, reduced power of assemblies in colonies, permitted royal officers to be tried elsewhere, provided for quartering of troop's in barns and empty houses |
| Continental Army | The official army of the colonies, created by second continental congress and led by George Washington |
| Salutary Neglect | British colonial policy during the reigns of George I and George II. relaxed supervision of internal colonial affairs by royal bureaucrats contributed significantly to the rise of American self government |
| Committees of Correspondence | 1772, Sam Adams worried about loss of liberties & use of tax revenue to pay salaries of governors and spread information and coordinate protests to defend colonial rights (12 of 13 colonies involved)- first one was in Boston |
| Thomas Paine | American Revolutionary leader and pamphleteer (born in England) who supported the American colonist's fight for independence and supported the French Revolution (1737-1809) |
| Thomas Jefferson | 3rd President of the United States |
| Benedict Arnold | United States general and traitor in the American Revolution |
| John Jay | United States diplomat and jurist who negotiated peace treaties with Britain and served as the first chief justice of the United States Supreme Court (1745-1829) |
| Crispus Atticus | once of the 5 colonists killed in the Boston Massacre. Atticus was a runaway slave who it is said led the protest against the Townshend Acts that resulted in the bloody conflict with the British soldiers. |
| Stamp Act | an act passed by the British parliament in 1756 that raised revenue from the American colonies by a duty in the form of a stamp required on all newspapers and legal or commercial documents |
| Declaratory Act | Passed in 1766 just after the repeal of the Stamp Act, the Declaratory Act stated that Parliament could legislate for the colonies in all cases. Most colonists interpreted the act as a face-saving mechanism and nothing more. Parliament, however, continually interpreted the act in its broadest sense in order to legislate in and control the colonies. |
| Tea Act | Law passed by parliament allowing the British East India Company to sell its low-cost tea directly to the colonies - undermining colonial tea merchants; led to the Boston Tea Party |
| Common Sense | sound practical judgment |
| Natural Rights | Basic rights that are guaranteed to all persons; basic rights that a government cannot deny-life, liberty, property |
| Mercenaries | a soldier who is payed to fight for another country or group (dont have enough soldiers so they can jsut go pay for others but it can be bad cause they can be bought off and they are not as willing to fight and you have to pay for them |
| Marquis de Lafayette | French soldier who served under George Washington in the American Revolution (1757-1834) |
| John Adams | 2nd President of the United States (1735-1826) |
| John Locke | English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704) |
| Samuel Adams | American Revolutionary leader and patriot |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.