hpatdh ch10
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15 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Gene | A unit of heredity that consists of a segment of nucleic acid that codes for a functional unit of RNA protein |
| Chromosome | In a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA |
| Chromatin | The substance of which eukaryotic chromosomes are composed |
| Histone | A type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells |
| Nucleosome | A eukaryotic structural unit of chromatin that consists of DNA wound around a core of histone proteins |
| Chromatid | One of the two strands of a chromosome that become visible during meiosis or mitosis |
| Centromere | The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis |
| Cell Cycle | The life cycle of a cell |
| Interphase | The period of the cell cycle during which activities such as cell growth and protein synthesis occur without visible signs of cell division |
| Mitosis | In eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes |
| Cytokinesis | The division of the cytoplasm of a cell |
| Spindle | A network of microtubules that forms during mitosis and moves chromatids to the poles |
| Centrosome | An organelle that contains centrioles and is the center of dynamic activity in mitosis |
| Cancer | A group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells |
| tumor | A growth that arises from normal tissue but that grows abnormally in rate and structure and lacks a function |
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