1.
Alleles: Different versions of a gene
2.
Codominence: When both alleles for a trait are expressed in a heterozygous individual
3.
Complete Dominance: When heterozygous plants and homozygous dominant plants have the same phenotype
4.
Cross-Pollination: Occurs beween flowers of two different plants
5.
Dihybrid Cross: A cross that considers two pairs of contrasting traits
6.
Dominant: Factor that masks another form of a trait
7.
F'1 Generation: Offspring of the P generation
8.
F'2 Generation: Offspring of the F'1 generation
9.
Genetics: Branch of biology that studies heredity
10.
Genotype: Set of alleles that an individual has
11.
Genotypic Ratio: Fraction of genotypes that appear in offspring
12.
Heredity: Passing of traits from parents to offspring.
13.
Heterozygous: The alleles of a paricular gene are different
14.
Homozygous: When two alleles of a particular gene are the same
15.
Incomplete Dominence: When an individual displays a trait that is intermidiate between the two parents
16.
Law of Independent Assortment: The alleles of different genes separate independently of one another during gamete formation
17.
Law of Segregation: The two alleles for a trait separate when gametes are formed
18.
Molecular Genetics: Study of the structure and functino of chromosomes and genes
19.
Monohybrid Cross: A cross that considers one pair of contrasting traits
20.
P Generation: First two individuals crossed in a breeding experiment
21.
Phenotype: Physical appearance of an organism
22.
Phenotypic Ratio: Fraction of phenotypes that appear in offspring
23.
Pollination: When pollen grains are transfetted to the stigma
24.
Probability: The likelihood that a specific event will occur
25.
Punnett Square: Diagram that predicts the outcomes of a genetic cross
26.
Recessive: Not expressed when the dominant form of the trait is present
27.
Self-Pollination: When pollen is transferred to a stigma from the same plant
28.
Test Cross: Cross of a homozygous recessive individual with an individual with a dominant phenotype of unknown genotype
29.
Trait: Genetically determined variant of a characteristic
30.
True-Breeding: All the offspring display only one form of a particular trait