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Prehistory the time before writing was developed. archaeology the study of past societies through analysis of what people left behind. artifacts objects made by humans anthropology the study of human life and culture fossils rocklike remains of biological organisms hominid a human like creature that walked upright Olduvai Gorge place in East Africa where an important discovery of a skeleton was found Australopithecus a common ancestor for several types of early human life Homo sapiens sapiens first creatures to have an anotomy similar to people today "out-of-Africa" theory all humans origanated from Africa and spread out from there Paleolithic Age used to designate the early period of human history 1,000,000 B.C. to 10,000 B.C. (ended because ice age ended) systematic agriculture keeping of animals, and the growing of food on a regular basis. Domestication taming animals and adapting them for human use mesoamericans inhabitants of present day Mexico and Central America Catalhuyuk a city in modern day Turkey covering 32 acres artisans skilled workers Bronze Age widespread use of bronze. 3000 B.C. to 1200 B.C. Iron Age After 1000 B.C. widespread use of iron culture the way of life for a group of people in a certain time and place civilization a complex culture in which large numbers of human beings share a number of common elements Monarchs Kings or Queens who rule a kingdom priests people who preach religion to others agricultural revolution the change from reling only on hunting and gathering as a means for gathering food to farming. (new inventions: wheel, sail, writing, defensive walls, and irrigation systems) Urban revolution the change of small farming villages growing into cities/civilizations Neolithic Age 10,000 B.C. to 3,500 B.C. New Stone Age