barebones
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Created by:
matthewallsbrook on October 6, 2011
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48 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 wilmot proviso | Bill that would ban slavery in the territories acquired after the War with Mexico |
| zachary taylor | General that was a military leader in Mexican-American War and 12th president of the United States. Sent by president Polk to lead the American Army against Mexico at Rio Grande, but defeated. |
| popular sovereignty | people hold the final authority in all matters of government |
| compromise of 1850 | Includes California admitted as a free state, the Fugitive Slave Act, Made popular sovereignty in most other states from Mexican- American War |
| millard fillmore | elected Vice President and became the 13th President of the United States when Zachary Taylor died in office (1800-1874) |
| franklin pierce | an American politician and the fourteenth President of the United States. Pierce's popularity in the North declined sharply after he came out in favor of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, repealing the Missouri Compromise and reopening the question of the expansion of slavery in the West. |
| Stephen A. Douglas | Senator from Illinois who ran for president against Abraham Lincoln. Wrote the Kansas-Nebreaska Act and the Freeport Doctrine |
| Kansas Nebraska Act of 1854 | created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, opened new lands, repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820, and allowed settlers in those territories to determine if they would allow slavery within their boundaries. The initial purpose of the Kansas-Nebraska Act was to create opportunities for a Mideastern Transcontinental Railroad. It was not problematic until popular sovereignty was written into the proposal. The act was designed by Democratic Senator Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois. |
| john brown | abolitionist who was hanged after leading an unsuccessful raid at Harper's Ferry, Virginia (1800-1858) |
| American know nothing party | a former political party active in the 1850s to keep power out of the hands of immigrants and Roman Catholics (called nativists) |
| Republican Party | Political party that believed in the non-expansion of slavery and comprised of Whigs, Northern Democrats, and Free-Soilers, in defiance to the Slave Powers |
| james buchanan | The 15th President of the United States (1857-1861). He tried to maintain a balance between proslavery and antislavery factions, but his moderate views angered radicals in both North and South, and he was unable to forestall the secession of South Carolina on December 20, 1860. |
| Dred Scott v. sanford | Supreme Court case that decided US Congress did not have the power to prohibit slavery in federal territories and slaves, as private property, could not be taken away without due process - basically slaves would remain slaves in non-slave states and slaves could not sue because they were not citizens |
| Harper Ferry | John Brown's scheme to invade the South with armed slaves, backed by sponsoring, northern abolitionists; seized the federal arsenal; Brown and remnants were caught by Robert E. Lee and the US Marines; Brown was hanged |
| Fort Sumter | Federal fort in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina; the confederate attack on the fort marked the start of the Civil War |
| Abraham Lincoln | 16th President of the United States saved the Union during the Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865) |
| Robert E. Lee | Confederate general who had opposed secession but did not believe the Union should be held together by force |
| Anaconda Plan | Union war plan by Winfield Scott, called for blockade of southern coast, capture of Richmond, capture Mississippi R, and to take an army through heart of south |
| Thomas stonewall jackson | Confederate general whose men stopped Union assault during the Battle of Bull Run |
| George B. McClellan | Union general who fought in peninsular campaign even though he didnt seem ready to fight. also fought in antietam |
| Ulysses S. Grant | an American general and the eighteenth President of the United States (1869-1877). He achieved international fame as the leading Union general in the American Civil War. |
| Battle of Antietam (1862) | single bloodiest day of the Civil War; Lincoln's victory which tells him to go on with the Emancipation Proclamation |
| Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 | stated that all slaves in states currently under rebellion were free, did not free any slave in the north, and did not free any slave in the confederate states already under union control like tennessee |
| 54th Massachusetts Regiment | one of the first African-American regiments organzied to fight for the union in the Civil War |
| habeas corpus | the civil right to obtain a writ of habeas corpus as protection against illegal imprisonment |
| Vicksburg | a town in western Mississippi on bluffs above the Mississippi River west of Jackson |
| Battle of Gettysburg | a battle of the American Civil War (1863) |
| Gettysburg Address | a 3-minute address by Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War (November 19, 1963) at the dedication of a national cemetery on the site of the Battle of Gettysburg |
| total war | a war that involves the complete mobilization of resources and people, affecting the lives of all citizens in the warring countries, even those remote from the battlefields. |
| William T. Sherman | the leader of the march to the sea |
| march of the sea | Sherman's idea to march his army from Tennessee to Atlanta, Georgia, and then across Georgia to Savannah, Georgia, on the Atlantic seacoast. |
| thirteenth Amendment | the constitutional amendment ratified after the Civil War that forbade slavery and involuntary servitude. |
| Reconstruction | the period after the Civil War in the United States when the southern states were reorganized and reintegrated into the Union |
| Radical Republicans | These were a small group of people in 1865 who supported black suffrage. They were led by Senator Charles Sumner and Congressman Thaddeus Stevens. They supported the abolition of slavery and a demanding reconstruction policy during the war and after. |
| Andrew Johnson | 17th President of the United States, A Southerner form Tennessee, as V.P. when Lincoln was killed, he became president. He opposed radical Republicans who passed Reconstruction Acts over his veto. The first U.S. president to be impeached, he survived the Senate removal by only one vote. He was a very weak president. |
| Black code | law passed in the south just after the civil war aimed at controlling freedman and enable plantation owner to exploit African American workers |
| Military Reconstruction Act | It divided the South into five military districts that were commanded by Union generals. It was passed in 1867. It ripped the power away from the president to be commander in chief and set up a system of Martial Law |
| Fourteenth Amendment | an amendment to the Constitution of the United States adopted in 1868 |
| Tenure of office act of 1867 | It was a measure passed by Congress in 1867 that prohibited the president from dismissing anyone whose appointment had required the consent of the Senate unless the Senate agreed to the dismissal. Passed because Johnson would violate it, it started the impeachment crisis. |
| impeach | charge with an offense or misdemeanor |
| Fifteenth Amendment | The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. |
| Ulysses S. Grant | an American general and the eighteenth President of the United States (1869-1877). He achieved international fame as the leading Union general in the American Civil War. |
| sharecropping | system of farming in which works land for an owner who provides equipment and seeds and receives a share of the crop |
| Ku Klux Klan | founded in the 1860s in the south; meant to control newly freed slaves through threats and violence; other targets: Catholics, Jews, immigrants and others thought to be un-American |
| Enforcement Acts of 1870 & 1871 | The Enforcement Acts in the United States from 1870 to 1871 were meant to protect rights of all blacks following ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution as part of Reconstruction. One protected black votes, another provided federal supervision of southern elections, and another strengthened sanctions against those who attacked blacks or prevented them from voting, allowing the President to use troops to enforce the law and suspend habeas corpus. It was also known as the Ku Klux Klan Act. |
| Compromise of 1877 | Ended Reconstruction. Republicans promise 1) Remove military from South, 2) Appoint Democrat to cabinet (David Key postmaster general), 3) Federal money for railroad construction and levees on Mississippi river |
| Rutherford Hayes | 19th president of the united states, was famous for being part of the Hayes-Tilden election in which electoral votes were contested in 4 states, most corrupt election in US history |
| Freedman's Bureau | The bureau's focus was to provide food, medical care, administer justice, manage abandoned and confiscated property, regulate labor, and establish schools. |
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