From Bacteria to Plants - Chapter 5
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30 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 phloem | the vascular tissue through which food moves in some plants (141) |
| xylem | the vascular tissue through which water and nutrients move in some plants (141) |
| stomata | the small openings on the undersides of most leaves through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move (144) |
| embryo | the young plant that develops from a zygote (142) |
| cotyledon | a seed leaf that stores food (142) |
| germination | the early growth stage of the embryo plant in a seed (144) |
| root cap | a structure that covers the tip of a root, protecting the root from injury (149) |
| transpiration | the process by which water is lost through a plant's leaves (146) |
| cambium | the layer of cells in a plant that produces new phloem and xylem cells (147) |
| seed | the plant structure that contains a young plant inside a protective covering (142) |
| gymnosperm | a plant that produces seeds that are not enclosed by a protective covering (150) |
| cone | the reproductive structure of a gymnosperm (152) |
| pollen | tiny particles produced by plants that contain the microscopic cells that later become sperm cells (152) |
| ovule | a plant structure in seed plants that contains an egg cell (153) |
| pollination | the transfer of pollen from male reproductive structures to female reproductive structures in plants (153) |
| angiosperm | a plant that produces seeds that are enclosed in a protective structure (156) |
| ovary | a protective structure in plants that encloses the developing seeds (157) |
| flower | the reproductive structure of an angiosperm (157) |
| petal | the colorful, leaflike structures of a flower (157) |
| sepal | a leaflike structure that encloses the bud of a flower (158) |
| stamen | the male reproductive parts of a flower (158) |
| pistil | the female reproductive parts of a flower (158) |
| fruit | the ripened ovary and other structures that enclose one or more seeds of an angiosperm (159) |
| monocot | an angiosperm that has only one seed leaf (157) |
| dicot | an angiosperm that has two seed leaves (157) |
| tropism | the growth response of a plant toward or away from a stimulus (164) |
| hormone | a chemical that affects growth and development (165) |
| auxin | the plant hormone that speeds up the rate of growth of plant cells (165) |
| genetic engineering | the process of altering an organism's genetic material to produce an organism with qualities that people find useful (169) |
| hydroponics | the method of growing plants in a solution of nutrients instead of in soil (170) |
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