English Civil War I
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Created by:
peyton_alie on October 6, 2011
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Description:
First half of the English Civil War unit
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20 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Absolute monarchy | The king or queen has complete control over all aspects of life. |
| Autocracy | Ruled by one person with unlimited power. |
| Plutocracy | Ruled by the wealthy or elite. |
| King James | Believed in divine right, extremely religious (created KJB), constantly asked Parliament for money, put England into debt by spending an exorbitant amount of money on the government, himself, and his advisers. |
| Puritans | Protestants who wanted to purify the Church of Catholic symbols, seen as traitors by King James. |
| Henrietta Maria | King Charles' wife, a Catholic and sister of French King Louis XIII. |
| Parliament | Made up of the House of Lords and House of Commons. |
| Short Parliament | Called for 3 weeks during Bishops' War, dominated by Puritans who sympathized with the Scots. Led to Charles dissolving Parliament for the third time. |
| Long Parliament | Called after Scots invaded, resulted in settlement and reform: abolished all taxation Parliament didn't approve of and sentenced Laud to death for treason |
| The Petition of Right | Parliament's demands in exchanges for war taxes, refused by Charles, leading to second dissolution: No loans or taxes w/o consent, no false imprisonment, no quartering of troops, and no martial law. |
| The Bishops' War | Caused by Archbishop Laud's Anglican prayer book, which angered Calvinist Scots. Included religious rebellions and invasion by Scots. |
| Irish Rebellion | October 1641- Irish Catholics led general uprising caused by anger at Anglican church and seizure of their land. Charles was blamed, asked Parliament for money, but they refused. |
| Royalists | Parliament members who supported the king and opposed Puritans |
| 19 Propositions | Made Parliament England's supreme power, causing Charles to attack the House of Commons and prepare for war. |
| Archbishop Laud | Persecuted and denied the rights of Puritans, in charge of the Anglican church. |
| Martial law | Temporary military rule that limits individual rights. |
| Magna Carta | 1215 document that stated that the king had no power to make random arrests, seize property, make decisions alone, or create taxes w/o Parliament's consent. |
| Political divisions | King vs. Parliament, fighting since 1215 (Magna Carta) |
| Religious divisions | Anglican vs. Puritan: both Protestant, Puritans think Anglicans are too Catholic |
| Ship Money | Tax used to improve the navy during wartime. Imposed on coastal counties. Eventually, it continued even in times of peace, and landlocked counties were taxed as well, drastically lowering participation and enthusiasm. |
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