Anatomy & Physiology 1- Chap. 6 Bones and Skeletal Tissues
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dawniatinsman on October 6, 2011
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Bone Homeostasis: Femodeling and Repair
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22 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 In adult skeletons, what is bone remodeling? | Total bone mass remains constant, rate of deposit and resorption are equal. |
| When doed bone deposit occure? | When bone is injured or added bone strength is required. |
| Bone remodeling requires a diet rich in what? | Priteins, vita. C, vita. D, vita A, and minerals (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, maganese are a few). |
| What cells function in bone resorption? | Osteoclast |
| Name two substances osteoclasts sectete? | Lysosomal enzymes and hydrochloric acid. |
| Bone resorption allows mineral of degraded bone matrix to move into the interstitial fluid and finally in to what? | The blood. |
| What are the important physiological processes that repuire calcium in the body? | Transmition of nerve impulses, muscle concentration, blood coagulation, secreation by glands and nerve cells, and cell division. |
| Describe the hormonal mechanism used to maintain the controls of blood calcium (what hormones, glands and structures). | Rase in calcitonin, and fall parathryoid hormone (PTH). |
| What is hypercalcemia? | Sustained high blood levels of Ca2+ |
| What are some complications with hypercalcemia? | Undesirable deposits of calcium salts in blood vessels, kidneys and other soft organs, can hamper the organs. |
| In response to mechanical stress and gravity, what does the bone do? | It makes bones stronger where stressors are acting. |
| What is wolff's law? | A bone grow or remodels in response to the forces or demands placed upon it. |
| What are fractures? | Brakes in the bone. |
| What are the 4 classifications of bone fractures? | Posotion of the bone ends after fracture, completeness of the brake, orientation of the brake relative to the long axis of the bone, any penetration to the skin. |
| What is the difference between nondisplaced and displaced fractures? | Nondisplaced retain normal position, displaced is out of normal alignment. |
| What is the difference between complete and incomplete fractures? | Complete is broke all the way through and incomplete is not. |
| What is the difference between linear and transverse fractures? | Linear are parallel to the long axis and transverse are perpendicular. |
| What is the difference between open and closed fractures? | Open fractures break through the skin and closed do not. |
| What are some types of fractures? | Comminuted, compression, spiral, epiphyseal, depressed and greenstick. |
| What is meant by reduction? | The realignment of broken bone ends. |
| What is the difference between closed and open reduction? | Closed is realignment by hand and open is secured together surgically. |
| Name the 4 major stages for the repair of fractures. | A hematoma forms, fibrocartilaginous callus form, bony callus form, and bone remodeling occures. |
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