SD_BIO Botany for photosynthesis
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14 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 epidermis | protective layer of cells that are the skin the leaf. Some are specialized as hairs or guard cells. |
| cuticle | a waxy substance secreted by the epidermal cells. Gives protection to the outside of the leaf and reduces water loss but allows sunlight penetration. |
| stomata | pores on the leaves that allow for gas exchange of CO2 and O2 for photosynthesis, as well as transpiration of water vapor. Controlled by guard cells. |
| guard cells | Control the opening (turgid) and closing (less turgid) of the stomata. |
| mesophyll | chloroplast rich middle leaf cells, for photosynthesis processes. |
| palisade mesophyll | Tightly packed layer of photosynthetic cells under the upper epidermis, captures most sun rays to start photosynthesis. |
| spongy mesophyll | allows gas exchange through spaces between photosynthetic cells. Next to the lower epidermal level. |
| veins | Vascular (tube) tissue made from xylem and phloem used for transport. |
| xylem | Used to transport water absorbed from the roots through the stem to the leaves |
| phloem | Responsible for transport of sugar |
| chlorophyll | the pigment that traps sunlight energy for photosynthesis |
| chloroplast | organelle responsible for photosynthesis |
| leaf | Part of plant that specializes in photosynthesis. Some are modified to make petals or sepals. |
| roots | Anchor plants in the soil. Used to collect water and nutrients from the soil. |
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