| Term | Definition |
|---|
| social psychology(1) | the scientific study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another. |
| sociology(1) | the study of people in groups and societys |
| Culture(1) | the enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and traditions shared by a large group of ppl and transmitted from one generation to the next. |
| Social representations(1) | socially shared beliefs-widely held ideas and values, including our assumptions and cultural ideologies. Help us make sense of our world. |
| Theory(1) | an integrated set of principles that explain and predict observed events. |
| Hypothesis(1) | a testable preposition that describes a relationship that may exist between events. |
| Correlational research(1) | the study of the naturally occurring relationships among variables. |
| hindsight bias(1) | the tendency to exaggerate after learning an outcome, one's ability to have foreseen how something turned out. Also known as the I-knew-it-all-along phenonmenon |
| spotlight effect(1) | the belief that others are paying more attention to one's appearance and behavior than they really are. |
| illusion of transparency(1) | the illusion that our concealed emotions leak out and can be easily read by others. |
| Self Schema(2) | Beliefs about self that organize and guide the processing of self-relevant information. |
| Self-Concept(2) | a person's answers to the question "who am i?" |
| Self-esteem(2) | a person's overall self-evaluation or sense of self-worth |
| Possible selves(2) | images of what we dream of or dread becoming in the future. |
| Self-efficacy(2) | a sense that one is competent and effective, distinguished from self-esteem, one's sense of self-worth. A bombardier might feel high self-efficacy and low self-esteem. |
| self-reference effect(2) | the tendency to process efficiently and remember well information related to oneself. |
| individualism(2) | the concept of giving priority to one's own goals over group goals and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications. |
| collectivism(2) | giving priority to the goals of one's group (often one's extended family or work group) and defining one's identity accordingly. |
| impact bias(2) | overestimating the enduring impact of emotion-causing events |
| learned helplessness(2) | the hopelessness and resignation learned when a human or an animal perceives no control over repeated bad events. |
| self-serving bias(2) | the tendency to perceive oneself favorably. |
| self-serving attributions(2) | a form of self-serving bias; the tendency to attribute positive outcomes to oneself and negative outcomes to other factors. |
| misinformation effect(3) | incorporating "misinformation" into one's memory of the event, after witnessing an event and receiving misleading information about it. |
| situational attributions(3) | attributing behavior to the environment. |
| dispositional attributions(3) | attributing behavior to the person's disposition and traits. |
| Fundamental attribution error(3) | the tendency for observers to underestimate situational influences and overestimate dispositional influences upon other's behaviors (also called correspondence bias, because we so often see behavior as corresponding to a disposition.) |
| belief perseverance(3) | persistence of one's initial conceptions, as when the basis for one's belief is discredited but an explanation of why the belief might be true survives. |
| controlled processing(3) | "Explicit" thinking that is deliberate, reflective, and conscious. |
| Automatic processing(3) | "implicit" thinking that is effortless, habitual, and without awareness, roughly corresponds to "intuition" |
| foot-in-the-door phenomenon:(4) | the tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request. |
| low-ball techniques(4) | a tactic for getting people to agree to an initial request will often still comply when the requester ups the ante. People who receive only the costly request are less likely to comply with it. |
| self-presentation theory(4) | the act of expressing oneself and behaving in ways designed to create a favorable impression or an impression that corresponds to one's ideals. |
| cognitive dissonance theory(4) | tension that arises when one is simultaneously away of two inconsistent cognitions. For examples, dissonance may occur when we realize that we have, with little justification, acted contrary to our attitudes or made a decision favoring one alternative despite reasons favoring another. |
| attitude(4) | a favorable or unfavorable evaluative reaction toward something or someone (often rooted in one's beliefs, and exhibited in one's feelings and intended behavior). |
| insufficient justification effect(4) | reduction of dissonance by internally justifying one's behavior when external justification is "insufficient". |
Combine with other sets
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