| Term | Definition |
|---|
| What is a metaphor? | a figure of speech in which an expression is used to refer to something that it does not literally denote in order to suggest a similarity |
| What is a analogy? | drawing a comparison in order to show a similarity in some respect |
| What is a model? | a hypothetical description of a complex entity or process |
| Photography as a model for the mind | metaphor for vision, photographic plate used a a metaphor for memory, but our eyes fill in spots diminish areas and lens system not the same |
| Telephone exchange as a model for the mind | brain acts a a complex switching mechanism, information is shuttled around between each phone, learning is new connections, memory failure is a disconnection or wrong connection |
| What is a homunculus? | Little man, used to illustraite motor funtions of the brain |
| What is the problem withe the homunculus argument? | have to explain the psychology of the homunculus, and have to explain how the operator controlls the switch board (Telephone argument is a homunculus argument) |
| how does a holograph work? | 3-d image produced by laser reflected from an object reflected from an object interfearing with light connected straight to a photographic plate, develope the plate, illuminate the plate |
| What is the holographic memory argument? | holographic plate has large storage capacity like brain, can store more than one image on plate |
| What is the law of mass action? | Memory is dependent on how much is removed not which part of the brain |
| What was Lashey researching? | The engram |
| Why doesnt the holograph work as a model? | specific parts of the brain are involved in specific memory funtions, we dont just project information into the world we add delete and change information |
| What is computational Psychology? | A Physical symbol system has the necessary and sufficient means for general intelligent action |
| What is logic? | he principles that guide reasoning within a given field or situation |
| Leibniz and Algebra of thought, what is it? | an algebra of thought can calculate true propositions |
| George Boole and Boolean logic, what is it? | describes math with just two variables 1 and 0, basis of digital computers |
| What did David Hilbert want to do with math? | wanted to set formalistic foundations of math |
| What 3 properties should a set of theorems possess in order to set the formal foundation of mathematics? | Completness, consistencym decidability |
| define completness (hilbert) | a proof or disproof can be found for every mathematical statement |
| define consistency (hilbert) | no contradiction |
| define decidability (hilbert) | for any meaningful statement a method exists to show it is true of false |
| What did Kurt godal prove? | Proved that a formal system (such as math) will produce statements that cannot be proven true or false |
| What is a Turing Machine/test? | A test involving communication between a human who asks questions and an unknown language-using entity. With the human’s task being to distinguish to output as human or non-human |
| What is strong AI? | A machine can understand like a human does |
| What is weak AI? | A computer can imitate some human processes but cannot understand |
| how does Searle's chinese room demonstration question the valitidy of a Turing test? | Person in a room with collection of chinese writtings, person does not understand chinese, person is given another set of chinese writtings with english instructionson how to collate the two, questions in chinese are pushed into room to the person, the person with practice gives answer in chinese but still does not know what he is saying |
| von Neumann what did he do? | Was instrumental in designing the most dominant organization (architecture) of the modern computer, |
| what did von Neumann's comparison of neurons and electronic gates show? | Computational structure of a von Neumann computer seems different from the computational structure of the human brain, computers hardware diffent than brains physiology |
| What were von Neumann's conclusions | not enough time for our brain to think serially, instead brain performs massive parrallel processing |
| von Neumann's contributions to CP | Models based on computer architecture, Cognitive models based on parallel processing, and brain discoveries influence models of cognition |
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