Definitions
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Created by:
anum_warsi786 on October 8, 2011
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29 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Body Fossils | Remnants of Organisms Such as frozen mammoth, bones, clam shells, carbonized leaves |
| Trace Fossils | Traces of an organisms actiivty * They are always formed at the site in which they are found Examples: Ichnofossils, Footprints, Nests, Burrows, dung |
| Organosedimentary Structures | Stromatolites |
| Biomarkers | * Stable Molecules, Lipids, Biosynthetic Origin, Isotopic Ratio |
| Biostratigraphy | Involved in Dating the Rocks |
| Paleobiology | Also known as evolutionary Biology * It documents the history of life and its evolutionary process |
| Palaeoecology | Deals with the reconstruction of paleoenvironment |
| Palaeogeography | Deals with the reconstruction of plate positions |
| Paleontology | Known as a Historical Science * Study of the forms of life that existed in prehistoric times. * Scientists are not able to run experiments in this science because there is nothing to experiment - (there is no way to go back in time, and thus they are able to compare results and data from the prehistoric times) |
| Taphonomy | The study of the environmental conditions affecting the preservation of animal and plant remains |
| Diagenesis | The PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL changes occurring in sediments between the times of deposition and solidification |
| Permineralization | Process of fossilization in which mineral deposits from internal casts of an organism |
| Recrystallization | The act or process of crystallizing; a crystallized body or formation; replacement of one mineral by another mineral that has the same chemical composition as the original mineral |
| Replacement | The process of practically simultaneous removal and deposition by which a NEW mineral grows in the body of an OLD one |
| Carbonization | The formation of carbon from organic matter; thin film of carbon remaining in the bedding place |
| Biomineralization | Process by which LIVING organisms PRODUCE minerals, often to HARDER or STIFFEN existing tissues |
| Cladistics | Classification of Organisms based on the BRANCHING of descendants lineages from a common ancestor |
| Cladogram | A branching DIAGRAM depicting the successive points of species divergence from common ancestral lines WITHOUT regard to the degree of deviation ** SHOWS EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS |
| What is the difference between ADVANCED and DERIVED? | The Use of the word "Derived" is used rather than "Advanced" E.g. - Fur is a "derived" character that occurs only in mammals |
| Parallel Evolution | The INDEPENDENT development of closely corresponding adaptive features in 2 or more groups of organisms that occupy DIFFERENT but EQUIVALENT habitats. E.g. - Marsupial Mammals in Australia and Placental Mammals on other continents. |
| Homologous | Organisms in which STRUCTURE and ORIGIN is the SAME but not necessarily function. |
| Analogous | Organisms in which FUNCTION is the SAME but they are not evolved from corressponding organs |
| Rubisco | Enzyme that chooses 12C over 13C |
| Lagerstatte | A fossilifenus sedimentary deposit in which the fossils exhibit EXTRAORDINARY PRESERVATION |
| Extant | In Existance; Still Existing; Not destroyed or Lost; standing out or protruding. |
| Exaptation | A feature having a function for which it was NOT originally ADAPTED or SELECTED; a morphological or physiological feature that predisposes an organism to adapt to a different environment or lifestyle. |
| Holotype | The type of specimen used in the ORIGINAL description of a species |
| Paratype | A specimen OTHER than a type of SPECIMEN that is used for the original (NOT ORIGINAL) description of a taxonomic group and specifically stated to be the one on which the original description of the taxon was based. |
| Hierarchy of Classification of Organisms | Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species *King Phil Can Order Family Gene[s]" |
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