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makapansgat pebble -waterworn stone that resembled a human face and raised questions about what qualified something as "art" -found in south africa ca 3,000,000 bce apollo II cave -animals painted on stone in profile view -ca 23,000 bce hohlenstein-stadel -One of the oldest known sculptures is this large ivory figure of a human with a feline head. It is uncertain whether the work depicts a composite creature or a human wearing an animal mask. -ca 30,000 bce venus of willendorf -Fertility symbol, ancient sculpture of nude women in exaggerated form, discovered in Willendorf, Austria ( hint: Ms Vantilborg traveled to Willendorf, but didn't see it because it had been moved to a museum in Vienna ), -Paleolithic ca. 28,000 - 25,000 BC http://farm4.staticflickr.com/3202/2945898157_ec72a2bb9f.jpg woman holding bison horn -From Lausell, France -25,000 - 20,000 B.C.E -Painted limestone, 1' 6 " high -One of the earliest relief sculptures in which the sculptor employed a stone chisel to cut into the relatively flat surface of a large rock and create an image that projects from its background. clay bison -Paleolithic: 30,000-10,000 BC -Le Tuc d'Audobert, France -additive sculpture -finger shaped details la madeleine bison -12,000 bce -bison with turned head for profile view -carved in a reindeer antler altamira -a site in Spain where prehistoric paintings appear on the ceiling of a cave -Paleolithic 12000 pech-merle spotted horses -negative hand paintings -cave in pech-merle france -ca 22,000 bce -about 11 ft long -purpose unknown hall of the bulls -One of the most splendid of Stone Age painting. Located in a cave at Lascaux. Realistic images of horses, bulls, and reindeer that appear to be stampeding in all directions. -largest painted area -bulls are profile, horses seen from front -ca 15,000 bce chauvet cave -earliest paintings known to mankind. Depicts large animals of prey; animals not hunted for food -date is not certain (either 30,000 bce or 15,000 bce) http://farm6.staticflickr.com/5142/5602930382_cee5f3f43a.jpg jericho walls -West Bank -8000-7000 B.C. -Neolithic -first known permanent stone fortifications to protect against nomads -5 ft thick http://farm5.staticflickr.com/4153/5186230371_87839167c7.jpg ain ghazal figures -Neolithic, 6,000 BCE. -3 dozen white plaster statues or busts -earliest know large sculptures (some 3 ft) -some have two heads -ritually buried http://farm4.staticflickr.com/3268/2628969462_5749436254.jpg catal hoyuk -one of the first experiments of urban living (12 buildings) -houses had no doors -access to interiors but openings in the roof -6000 bce -made of mud brick with sturdy timber frames -rooms were painted (many paintings of people and shrines found here) -people were hunters -world's first landscape painting found here (town and behind it is a mountain with two peaks) stone hedge -western europe -2,000 bce -salisbury plain in southern england -henge=arrangement of megalithic stones in a circle, often surrounded by a ditch -like a calendar -place for religion and star watching -stones are 50 tons http://farm5.staticflickr.com/4040/4199002384_6ece74900a.jpg