1.
after blastocyst formation: embryo is implanted into the endometrium
2.
asexual reproduction: creation of offspring without the fusion of egg and sperm
3.
blastocyst: a ball of cells with a central cavity
4.
bulbourethal glands: secrete a clear mucus before ejaculation that neutralizes acidic urine remaining in the urethra
5.
cells from the follicle: produce estradiol prior to ovulation
6.
cervix: opening before the vagina
7.
cilia in the oviduct convey the egg to the: uterus
8.
cleavage: after conception, the resulting zygote begins to divide by mitosis
9.
conception: fertilization of an egg by a sperm; occurs in the oviduct
10.
corpus luteum: remaining follicular tissue grows within the ovary and forms this mass; secrets estradiol and progesterone to maintain pregnancy; if not fertilized it degenerates
11.
division of cells gives rise to a: blastocyst
12.
egg cell travels from the ovary to the uterus via the: oviduct or fallopian tube
13.
eggs: larger and carry out their function within the female
14.
ejaculation process: sperm are propelled through the muscular vas deferens and the ejaculatory duct, and then exit the penis through the urethra
15.
embryo releases __________ to prevent menstruation: human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
16.
endometrium: the uterus lining
17.
events of birth: dilation of cervix, expulsion, delivery of the placenta
18.
expulsion: delivery of the infant
19.
external fertilization: eggs shed by the female are fertilized by sperm in the external environment
20.
fertilization: union of egg and sperm, play an important role is sexual reproduction
21.
follicles: consist of a partially developed egg called an oocyte
22.
gametogenesis: production of gametes, differs in male and female
23.
glans: head of clitoris covered by the prepuce
24.
gonads: produce sperm and hormones
25.
hormonal control of male reproductive system: FSH promotes the activity of Sertoli cells, nourish developing sperm; LH regulates Leydig cells which secrete testosterone and other androgens-promote spermatogenesis
26.
internal fertilization: sperm are deposited in or near the female reproductive tract, and fertilization occurs within the tract
27.
leydig cells: produce hormones and are scattered between the tubules
28.
male gonads/testes: consist of highly coiled tubes surrounded by connective tissue
29.
male internal organs: gonads
30.
male's external reproductive organs: scrotum and penis
31.
mammary glands: within the glands, small sacs of epithelial tissue secrete milk
32.
oogenesis: development of a mature egg in a prolonged process
33.
oogenesis: the process in which an oocyte develops into an ovum; occurs once a month
34.
ovaries: the female gonads; each contains many follicles
35.
ovulation: the release of mature eggs at the midpoint of a female cycle
36.
ovulation expels an egg cell from the: follicle
37.
penis: composed of three cylinders of spongy erectile tissue that fill with blood when aroused
38.
pregnancy or gestation: the condition of carrying one or more embryos in the uterus
39.
prostrate gland: secretes its products directly into the urethra through several small ducts
40.
reproductive cycles: controlled by hormones; most animals exhibit cycles related to changing season
41.
scrotum: testes of mammals are held outside of the abdominal cavity where the temperature is lower
42.
semen: composed of sperm plus secretions from three sets of accessory glands
43.
seminiferous tubules: where sperm form
44.
sexual reproduction: the creation of an offspring by fusion of a male gamete (sperm) and female gamete (egg) to form a zygote
45.
sperm: smaller more motile
46.
sperm pass from the seminiferous tubules of a testis into coiled tubules called the: epididymis
47.
spermatogenesis: development of sperm in continuous and prolific (millions of sperm are produced daily); takes 7 weeks to develop
48.
spermatogenesis v oogenesis: all four products of meiosis develop into sperm while only one of the four becomes an egg; spermatogenesis occurs throughout adolescence and adulthood; sperm are produced continuously without prolonged interruptions in oogenesis
49.
two seminal vesicles: contribute about 60% of the total volume of semen
50.
vagina: thin-walled chamber that is the repository for sperm during copulation and serves as the birth canal
51.
vagina opens to the outside of the: vulva, which consists of the labia majora, labia minor, hymen, and clitoris
52.
zygote: made when an egg (female gamete) is fertilized by a sperm
