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to describe décrire: je décris, tu décris, il/elle/on décrit, nous décrivons, vous décrivez, ils/elles décrivent pp: décrit to sit down (present) (s'asseoir) je m'assieds, tu t'assieds, il/elle/on s'assied, nous nous, asseyons, vous vous asseyez, ils/elles s'asseyent to sit down (future) (s'asseoir) je m'assiérai, tu t'assiéras, il/elle/on s'assiéra, nous nous, assiérons, vous vous assiérez, ils/elles s'assiéront Past participle of s'asseoir, imperfect, conditinal, subjunctive assis, nous nous, assey-, je m'assiér, ils/elles s'assey je m'assieds translates in english to im sitting down (action) general adjective rule -, e, s, es if the masculine singular form of an adjective already ends in an -e, then the feminine singular form is the same. ex. un jeune homme mince, une jeune femme mince if the masculine singular form already ends in -s, the masculine plural form is the same. ex. un jeune homme français, des jeunes hommes français adjectives that end in -er and -f form the feminine using this pattern er turns into ère. ex. (m) premier-->(f) première -f turns into -ve ex. actif (m)--> active (f) adjectives that end in x form the feminine several different ways. heureux, faux, doux, roux, vieux heureuse, fausse, douce, rousse, vieille Adjectives that end in -eur have several different feminine endings. Most adj's with -eur turn into -euse. flatteur, moqueur, travailleur, trompeur flatteuse, moqueuse, travailleuse, trompeuse (exceptions to the -eur rule) extérieur/intérieur, supérieur/ inférieur, majeur/mineur, meilleur extérieure/ intérieure, supérieure/ inférieure, majeure/mineure, meilleure some adjectives with the masculine singluar endings -teur change to the feminine singluar ending -trice. these cases have to be learned. créateur, conservateur. However there is an exception to this pattern: menteur--> créatrice, conservatrice, menteuse Many adjectives that have a masculine singular ending that is a vowel + a consonant form the feminine by doubling the consonant before adding the feminine e. bon, gentil, gras, gros, italien, naturel, net, pareil bonne, gentille, grasse, grosse, italienne, naturelle, nette, pareille how do adjectives with an -et ending form the feminine? complet, discret, inquiet, secret add an accent and an -e. complète, discrète, inquiète, secrète Finally, there are some adjectives that do not follow a regular patterm for formation of the feminine. blanc, favori, long, public, sec blanche, favorite, longue, publique, sèche Adjectives that end in -al form the plural two different ways normal, normale, normaux, normales final, finale, finals, finales (pattern of final is only used for fatal, glacial, natal, naval) banal, banale, banals, banales beau beau (bel) belle, beaux, belles fou fou (fol) folle, fous, folles mou (soft) mou (mol) molle, mous, molles nouveau nouveau (nouvel), nouvelle, nouveaux, nouvelles vieux vieux (vieil), vieille, vieux, vieilles Some adjectives use the same form to modify masculine, feminine, mp, or fp bordeaux, cerise, marron, orange Two frequently used adjectives that have plural forms but no feminine forms are chic (chics) and snob (snobs). There is no feminine form The adjective expression ........ is invariable bon marché (cheap) Most adjectives ....... the noun they modify follow. ex. Il porte un pantalon gris Adjectives that come before the noun. beau, joli, jeune, vieux, bon, mauvais*, gentil*, petit, nouveau, autre* (BANGS-->beauty, age, number, goodness, and size) equally than, less than, more than aussi +adj + que, plus +adj. + que, moins +adj. +que The adjective bon becomes meilleur in comparisons of superiority. ex. Is his second CD better than the first? Est-ce que son deuxième CD est meilleur que le premier? Better can be used in two forms. adjective and adverb meilleur(e)(s), and mieux (Adv) To say someone is the best, the worst... most: le, la, les plus +adj +de. ex. Viector est le plus sympa To say someone is the least... le/la/les moins + adj +de. Sophie est la moins paresseuse meilleur ( means better or best) but to say the best C'est LA meilleure description de la mode punk. use la meilleure forms of the adjective tout tout, toute, tous, toutes the adjective tout means the entire, the whole, all, every When tout is used as a pronoun (subject of the sentence) no feminine form. tout, tout, tous, toutes Questions Est-ce que Inversion Aimes-tu or n'aimes-tu pas. if subject is a noun, then you keep the noun and att a t. Monique aime-t-elle tes dreads? Inversion with past participle (or compound tense) As-tu acheté son nouveau CD? Inversion if the subject is a noun Monique aime tes dreads--> (keep noun but add) Monique aime-t-elle tes dreads? For ease of pronunciation, a ...... is added between two vowels that come together during inversion aime-t-elle you like playing the guitar, dont you? add n'est-ce pas. it means dont you. add on the end of the sentence Combien How. How much did you pay for this necklace? Combien est-ce que vous avez payé ce collier? Quand When. When did you have your hair dyed?. Quand est-ce que vous vous êtes fait teindre les cheveux? Where is my hat? Où est mon chapeau? Pourquoi Why does sophie want a navel ring? Pourquoi Sophie veut-elle un piercing au nombril? (cant use est-ce que) Quel, quelle, quels, quelles (meaning which or what) can only be FOLLOWED BY A NOUN or a conjugated form of être Quel maillot préfères-tu? Quelle est la différence? Qui is always used to ask a question about a person. Subject when subject is a person To ask a question about a thing use.........as subject qu'est-ce qui. ex. What interests you? Qu;est-ce qui t'interesse D.O for things. What are you doing? What did you buy? Que fais-tu (inversion). or Qu'est-ce que tu as achete (without inversion) Object of Preposition What are you talking about? De quoi parles-tu? or What is she dying her hair with. Avec quoi est-ce qu'elle se teint les cheveux? (think quio because there is an I) QUOI is only used after a preposition!!! Qui is always used to ask a question about ......to ask a question about a thing, use ....... as subject, ........ as direct object, and ...... as an object of a preposition a person, qu'est-ce qui, que/qu'est0ce que, and quoi or quoi est-ce que Pronoun that indicates a choice (which) lequel, lequelle, lesquels, lesquelles. Auquel is used to describe two. ex. There are two rock concerts tonight. Which one do you want to go to? Auquel veux-tu aller? Il and Elle are usually followed by an adjective. Ex. he is nice. Il est sympa C'est is usually followed by a noun C'est is also used to refer to a previously mentioned idea or situation You didnt like the concert? Thats really to bad. (C'est vraiment dommage)