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Nonvascular Plant a plant that lacks vascular tissue and true roots, stems, and leaves Vascular Plant green plant having a vascular system: ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms Angiosperm A flowering plant, which forms seeds inside a protective chamber called an ovary. Gymnosperm seed plant that bears its seeds directly on the surfaces of cones Leaves The main photosynthetic organs of vascular plants. Stems carry substances between roots and leaves; provide support for plant; holds leaves up to sunlight Roots Absorbs water and minerals from the ground. Anchors plant in ground. Osmosis diffusion of molecules through a semipermeable membrane . Germination series of events that results in the growth of a plant from a seed Xylem the woody part of plants: the supporting and water-conducting tissue, consisting primarily of tracheae and vessels. Phloem (botany) tissue that conducts synthesized food substances (e.g., from leaves) to parts where needed. Soil material in the top layer of the surface of the earth in which plants can grow. Dormant A state resembling sleep. Rhizome A root like structure in vascular plants Tropism A growth response of a plant toward or away from a stimulus