5 Written Questions

1. A barometer can measure changes in air pressure. The two types of barometers are the mercurial barometer, which is more accurate but less easily transportable, and the aneroid barometer, which is less accurate but more portable.
2. Tertiary circulation is the movement of local high and low pressure cells, and parcels of air will cause local weather patterns, such as the weather patterns of a coastal city that is influenced by the body of water nearby.
3. Low pressure cells tend to ascend and converge.
4. An isoline connecting all points of highest mean temperature.
5. Equal pressure.

5 Matching Questions

1. What is the rule for naming winds?
2. What is the ITCZ?
3. Explain air pressure tendency.
4. Describe the Subpolar Low Pressure area.
5. What are the four major pressure areas on Earth?

1. a
   The four major pressure areas on Earth are the Equatorial Low (warm, wet 10 degrees N/S), Polar High (cold, dry 90 N/S), Subtropical High (hot, dry 20-35 N/S), and the Subpolar Low (cool, wet 60 N/S).
2. b The Subpolar Low Pressure area consists of the Aleutian Low, the Icelandic Low, and the Polar Front.
3. c The ITCZ stands for the Intertropical Convergence Zone, which is the area along the equator where a discontinuous series of thunderstorms occurs, due to the uplift caused by the convergence of winds and solar heating of the ground along the equator.
4. d Air pressure tendency is important, along with the air pressure reading on a barometer. Falling air pressure, which corresponds to a decrease in the length of mercury in the column on a mercurial barometer, generally indicates stormy weather.
5. e The wind direction is always reported as the direction from which the wind is blowing. Winds which blow from the west, for example, are westerlies. They blow towards the east. Winds which blow from the south are called southerlies. They blow towards the north.

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. 
   Land-sea breezes are driven by the thermal inertia of water. When land and sea receive the same amount of insolation, the land heats up faster than the water. This temperature gradient causes winds to blow. At night, radiational cooling cools the land faster than the water so that the temperature gradient makes a wind blow from land to sea. These breezes also occur for large bodies of water, such as the Great Lakes.
   1. What are Trade Winds?
   2. Describe the Coriolis Effect.
   3. Describe friction forces.
   4. Describe land-sea breezes.
2. High pressure cells tend to descend and diverge.
   1. What do high pressure cells tend to do?
   2. How is air pressure measured?
   3. Explain air pressure tendency.
   4. What do low pressure cells tend to do?
3. Equal wind speed.
   1. Isobar?
   2. Isotach?
   3. What is the ITCZ?
   4. Isohyet?
4. 
   Friction forces drag winds as they move across various surfaces. This effect decreases with height above a surface, and causes air spiraling out of a high pressure cell to turn clockwise (anticyclone). Air spiraling out of a low pressure cell turns counter-clockwise (cyclone). NOTE that in the Southern Hemisphere, this effect is in reverse: high pressures produce cyclones, and low pressures produce anticyclones.
   1. What are Trade Winds?
   2. Describe the Coriolis Effect.
   3. Describe friction forces.
   4. Describe land-sea breezes.
5. Equal rainfall.
   1. Isohyet?
   2. Isobar?
   3. What is the ITCZ?
   4. Isotach?

5 True/False Questions

1. Isoheight or contour line is what? → Equal elevation.

   True        False

2. Explain pressure gradients. →
   Pressure gradients drive air from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure, creating winds.

   True        False

3. Isotherms are equal to what? → An isoline connecting all points of highest mean temperature.

   True        False

4. What does primary circulation in the atmosphere entail? → Primary circulation entails global circulation - the mass movement of air all over the globe.

   True        False

5. Describe the Subtropical High Pressure area. → The Subtropical High Pressure area consists of Westerlies, the Bermuda High, the Azores High, and the Pacific High.

   True        False